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Barreras que impiden a las mujeres palestinas hacerse una mamografía: un estudio cualitativo
Hendia Abu Nabaa'1, Nisreen Shelleh2
1Primary Health Care Centers, Palestinian Minstry of Health, Salfit distrect, occupied Palestinian territory.
Lancet (London, England)
|March 20, 2018
Resumen
La baja aceptación de la detección de mamografías entre las mujeres palestinas está relacionada con barreras psicológicas, sociales, religiosas y financieras. Abordar estos factores es crucial para mejorar la detección temprana del cáncer de mama y los resultados de salud.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud pública
- Salud de las mujeres
- La detección del cáncer
Sus antecedentes:
- El cáncer de mama es el cáncer principal y la segunda causa de muerte entre las mujeres en el territorio palestino ocupado.
- La mamografía, una herramienta vital de detección del cáncer de mama, tiene una muy baja aceptación entre las mujeres palestinas mayores de 40 años.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Explorar las barreras para la adopción de la mamografía entre las mujeres palestinas.
- Comprender los factores socioculturales, psicológicos y del sistema de salud que influyen en las decisiones de detección.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó un estudio cualitativo exploratorio en Ramallah y Salfeet.
- Se realizaron 24 entrevistas semiestructuradas y 7 grupos de discusión con mujeres de diversos orígenes.
- Se utilizó el análisis temático para analizar los datos transcritos.
Principales resultados:
- Las principales barreras identificadas incluyen las psicológicas (miedo, timidez, baja auto-priorización), sociales (estigma, normas familiares), creencias religiosas y limitaciones financieras (falta de seguro de salud).
- También se informaron preocupaciones relacionadas con la enfermedad (eficacia, seguridad) y problemas del sistema de salud.
- Los factores políticos y el bajo conocimiento de la mamografía contribuyeron a la baja absorción.
Conclusiones:
- Los comportamientos de búsqueda de la salud son complejos e influenciados por barreras multifacéticas.
- Las políticas de salud deben abordar estas barreras identificadas para mejorar la participación en el cribado de mamografías y la detección temprana del cáncer de mama en la región.
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