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Errores de dosificación de fármacos en pacientes pediátricos ambulatorios en centros de atención primaria de salud en
Rowa' Al-Ramahi1, Hamzeh Al-Zabadi2, Ghadeer Al-Shareef3
1Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, West Bank, occupied Palestinian territory.
Lancet (London, England)
|March 20, 2018
Resumen
Los errores de dosificación de medicamentos son comunes en pacientes ambulatorios pediátricos, con factores como la edad y el peso que contribuyen al problema. Se necesita más investigación para comprender el impacto clínico y desarrollar estrategias de prevención.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Farmacología
- Medicina pediátrica
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- Los pacientes pediátricos son particularmente vulnerables a los problemas relacionados con la medicación, incluidos los errores de dosificación.
- Los errores de dosificación evitables pueden tener un impacto significativo en los resultados de salud de los niños.
- Este estudio aborda la necesidad crítica de comprender la seguridad de la medicación en poblaciones pediátricas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar la prevalencia de errores de dosificación en pacientes pediátricos ambulatorios en Nablus.
- Identificar los factores asociados con los errores de dosificación de medicamentos en esta población.
- Informar estrategias para mejorar la seguridad de los medicamentos en los niños.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio transversal que analizó 400 recetas pediátricas de centros de atención primaria de salud en Nablus.
- Se revisaron las recetas para niños de 1 día a 12 años.
- Los errores de dosificación se definieron como sobredosis, dosis insuficiente, frecuencia inadecuada o duración.
Principales resultados:
- De los 782 medicamentos recetados, el 22% eran sobredosis potenciales y el 26% eran sobredosis potenciales.
- La mayoría de las recetas contenían uno o dos errores de dosificación.
- Los factores asociados incluyeron el peso del paciente (p=0,006), la edad (p<0,001), el centro de atención médica (p<0,001) y el número de medicamentos recetados (p<0,001).
Conclusiones:
- Los errores de dosificación de medicamentos son frecuentes entre los pacientes pediátricos ambulatorios en Nablus.
- La edad del paciente, el peso y el número de medicamentos recetados son factores significativos asociados con estos errores.
- Se requieren más investigaciones sobre los efectos clínicos y la prevención de estos errores.
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