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Inclusiones de hielo VII en diamantes: evidencia de fluido acuoso en el manto profundo de la Tierra

O Tschauner¹, S Huang², E Greenberg³

¹Department of Geoscience, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA. olivert@physics.unlv.edu.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|March 29, 2018

Resumen

Los diamantes naturales contienen hielo VII, revelando las profundidades de la Tierra

Área de la Ciencia:

Geoquímica
Minerología
La geofísica

Sus antecedentes:

Los depósitos de agua en las profundidades de la Tierra influyen en los ciclos globales del agua y la movilidad de los elementos.
La composición y la extensión de estos depósitos siguen siendo poco conocidas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para identificar indicadores de regiones ricas en agua en las profundidades de la Tierra.
Para investigar el papel de las inclusiones minerales específicas en el diamante.

Principales métodos:

Análisis de las inclusiones minerales dentro de los diamantes naturales.
Física de los minerales a alta presión y alta temperatura.

Principales resultados:

El hielo-VII, un polimorfo de alta presión del agua, fue identificado como inclusiones en diamantes naturales.
La presencia de hielo-VII indica la cristalización de fluidos acuosos durante la formación del diamante.
Las inclusiones de hielo VII persisten a altas presiones (hasta 24 GPa), preservando evidencia de las condiciones profundas de la Tierra.

Conclusiones:

El hielo VII en los diamantes sirve como un indicador directo de ambientes ricos en agua en el manto profundo.
Estos hallazgos sugieren que la zona de transición superior y el límite de 660 km son importantes regiones ricas en fluidos.

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