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Oscillations In An LC Circuit01:30

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An idealized LC circuit of zero resistance can oscillate without any source of emf by shifting the energy stored in the circuit between the electric and magnetic fields. In such an LC circuit, if the capacitor contains a charge q before the switch is closed, then all the energy of the circuit is initially stored in the electric field of the capacitor. This energy is given by
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In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
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An oscillating discontinuity is a type of discontinuity in which a function’s values fluctuate infinitely often as the input approaches a particular point. Unlike jump discontinuities, where the function suddenly shifts between two values, or infinite discontinuities, where the function diverges without bound, an oscillating discontinuity arises from rapid back-and-forth variation. Because the function never stabilizes toward a single value, no finite limit exists at that point.One of the...
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Stability is an important concept in oscillation. If an equilibrium point is stable, a slight disturbance of an object that is initially at the stable equilibrium point will cause the object to oscillate around that point. For an unstable equilibrium point, if the object is disturbed slightly, it will not return to the equilibrium point. There are three conditions for equilibrium points—stable, unstable, and half-stable. A half-stable equilibrium point is also unstable, but is named so...
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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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Author Spotlight: In Vitro Investigations of Circadian Rhythms in Multicellular Systems
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Dos osciladores circadianos en una celda

Till Roenneberg, David Morse

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    Este resumen es generado por máquina.

    El estudio revela que los relojes biológicos (ritmos circadianos) pueden funcionar de forma independiente. Este hallazgo desafía la creencia de larga data de que un solo mecanismo circadiano controla todos los ritmos diarios en un organismo.

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    Área de la Ciencia:

    • Cronología
    • Biología molecular
    • Biología celular

    Sus antecedentes:

    • Los relojes circadianos son osciladores biológicos ubicuos que se encuentran en la mayoría de los eucariotas y algunos procariotas.
    • Estos relojes regulan diversos ritmos diarios, incluida la fotosíntesis y los ciclos de sueño-vigilia, lo que permite a los organismos anticiparse a los cambios ambientales.
    • Anteriormente, se suponía ampliamente que un único mecanismo evolucionariamente conservado subyace a todas las funciones circadianas.

    Objetivo del estudio:

    • Investigar si los ritmos circadianos múltiples dentro de un organismo están controlados por un solo oscilador o por osciladores distintos.
    • Desafiar la hipótesis prevaleciente de un mecanismo de reloj circadiano unificado.

    Principales métodos:

    • El estudio utilizó un organismo unicelular para observar sus ritmos circadianos en condiciones experimentales controladas.
    • Se realizaron manipulaciones experimentales para evaluar la independencia de los diferentes procesos rítmicos.

    Principales resultados:

    • Se observó que dos ritmos circadianos distintos dentro del organismo unicelular funcionan de manera independiente bajo condiciones experimentales específicas.
    • Esta independencia sugiere que estos ritmos no están gobernados por un solo oscilador circadiano general.

    Conclusiones:

    • Los hallazgos proporcionan evidencia de la existencia de múltiples osciladores distintos que controlan diferentes ritmos circadianos dentro de un solo organismo.
    • Esto desafía el paradigma de un único mecanismo de reloj circadiano unificado y abre nuevas vías para comprender la regulación circadiana.