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Transporte ascendente de nitrato oceánico mediante esteras de diatomeas migratorias
Tracy A Villareal1, Cynthia Pilskaln2, Mark Brzezinski3
1Marine Science Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, Texas 78373, USA.
Nature
|April 19, 2018
Resumen
Las grandes alfombras de fitoplancton en el océano abierto migran verticalmente, transportando nutrientes vitales. Estas diatomeas anteriormente subestimadas aumentan significativamente el transporte de nitratos a la superficie, lo que afecta a los ecosistemas marinos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología marina
- La oceanografía
- Ecología del fitoplancton
Sus antecedentes:
- Los giros oligotróficos albergan un gran fitoplancton que migra verticalmente.
- Esta migración transporta nitrato, lo que contribuye a una nueva producción.
- Cuantificar esta contribución es un desafío debido a la rareza e invisibilidad de estas células.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Cuantificar la contribución de las esteras de diatomeas de Rhizosolenia al transporte de nitratos en el Pacífico Norte.
- Evaluar la importancia de estas alfombras como fuente de nuevo nitrógeno.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron observaciones de video remotas para estudiar las alfombras de Rhizosolenia.
- Las observaciones cubrieron los 150 m superiores del Océano Pacífico Norte central.
- Se calculó el transporte de nitrato mediado por el fitoplancton.
Principales resultados:
- Las alfombras de rizosolenia aumentan significativamente el transporte de nitratos mediado por el fitoplancton hasta en ocho veces.
- Los promedios de crucero muestran un transporte de mate de 18-97 μmol N m-2 d-1.
- En las estaciones individuales, el transporte alcanzó 171 μmol N m−2 d−1, lo que representa el 59% de la producción de exportación.
Conclusiones:
- Las alfombras de rizosolenia son una fuente crucial de nitrógeno nuevo para la superficie del océano.
- Este transporte ascendente de nutrientes tiene un impacto significativo en los ciclos elementales regionales.
- La migración vertical del fitoplancton de gran tamaño juega un papel vital en la productividad del océano.
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