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Subcellular Fractionation01:32

Subcellular Fractionation

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The homogenate obtained after cell lysis contains various membrane-bound organelles that can be further separated into pure fractions by subcellular fractionation. These isolates are used to study specific cellular components, analyze localized protein activity, and are even employed in diagnostics. Fractionation is typically achieved using centrifugation methods, the most common being density-gradient and differential centrifugation.
Differential Centrifugation
Differential centrifugation is...
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Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

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If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
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Observational Learning01:12

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Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
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Observational Studies01:11

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Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
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Actor-Observer Effect

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The actor-observer effect, a cognitive bias closely linked to the fundamental attribution error, refers to the tendency for individuals to attribute their behavior to external, situational factors while explaining others’ behavior in terms of internal, dispositional traits. This asymmetry in attribution significantly influences social perception and judgment.Cognitive Mechanisms Behind the EffectTwo primary psychological mechanisms contribute to the actor-observer effect: differences in...
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Biological organization is the classification of biological structures, ranging from atoms at the bottom of the hierarchy to the Earth's biosphere. Each level of the hierarchy represents an increase in complexity that builds upon the previous level.
Molecules Are Composed of Atoms, and Biomolecules Are Assembled from Molecules:
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Observando la célula en su estado nativo: Dinámica subcelular de imágenes en organismos multicelulares

Tsung-Li Liu1, Srigokul Upadhyayula1,2,3,4, Daniel E Milkie1

  • 1Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 21, 2018
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Este estudio introduce una nueva técnica de microscopía para la imagen in vivo no invasiva de alta resolución de la dinámica subcelular. La tecnología revela la diversidad fenotípica celular y la adaptación en entornos fisiológicos.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología celular
  • Microscopía
  • La biofísica

Sus antecedentes:

  • El estudio de la dinámica subcelular requiere imágenes in vivo dentro del entorno celular nativo.
  • La alta resolución espacio-temporal y el estrés mínimo son cruciales para la observación precisa de los procesos celulares.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Desarrollar una técnica de imagen no invasiva para observar la dinámica subcelular in vivo.
  • Para obtener imágenes volumétricas de alta resolución y sin aberraciones de las células y sus alrededores.

Principales métodos:

  • Combinación de microscopía de lámina de celosía y óptica adaptativa.
  • Aplicación a grandes volúmenes multicelulares para imágenes in vivo.

Principales resultados:

  • Imagen exitosa no invasiva y libre de aberraciones de los procesos subcelulares.
  • Observación de la endocitosis, la remodelación de los orgánulos durante la mitosis y la migración celular (axones, células inmunes, células cancerosas).
  • Diversidad fenotípica revelada a través de organismos y etapas de desarrollo.

Conclusiones:

  • La tecnología desarrollada permite una visión sin precedentes del comportamiento celular in vivo.
  • Destaca el papel de la variabilidad celular intrínseca en la adaptación a los entornos fisiológicos.
  • Aplicaciones potenciales para comprender la progresión de la enfermedad y la adaptación celular.