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Reversión inesperada de la respuesta de la hierba C3 versus C4 al CO2 elevado durante un experimento de campo de 20
Peter B Reich1,2, Sarah E Hobbie3, Tali D Lee4
1Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. preich@umn.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 21, 2018
Resumen
Las respuestas de las plantas al dióxido de carbono elevado (eCO2) pueden cambiar con el tiempo. Inicialmente, las plantas C3 se beneficiaron más de eCO2, pero más tarde, las plantas C4 mostraron una mayor respuesta, desafiando los paradigmas existentes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Fisiología vegetal
- Ecología
- Biología del cambio global
Sus antecedentes:
- Las plantas C4 generalmente responden menos al CO2 elevado (eCO2) que las plantas C3.
- Este contraste C3-C4 es un concepto bien establecido en la ciencia de las plantas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar las respuestas a largo plazo de las plantas al eCO2.
- Para probar el paradigma de contraste C3-C4 prevaleciente en condiciones sostenidas de eCO2.
Principales métodos:
- Un experimento de enriquecimiento de CO2 en el aire libre de 20 años que involucró 88 parcelas de pastizales.
- Seguimiento de las tasas de mineralización de la biomasa y del nitrógeno del suelo en las parcelas de C3 y C4 en condiciones ambientales y de eCO2.
Principales resultados:
- La respuesta de la biomasa al eCO2 inicialmente favoreció a las plantas C3, luego cambió a las plantas C4 durante la duración del experimento.
- Las tasas de mineralización de nitrógeno en el suelo mostraron un cambio recíproco, que influyó en las respuestas de la biomasa.
- La inversión observada desafía el paradigma de respuesta C3-C4 eCO2 establecido.
Conclusiones:
- Las respuestas a largo plazo de las plantas al eCO2 pueden diferir significativamente de las predicciones a corto plazo.
- El contraste C3-C4 en la capacidad de respuesta eCO2 no es estático y puede revertirse con el tiempo.
- Comprender las respuestas dinámicas es crucial para predecir los cambios en los ecosistemas bajo el cambio global.
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