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Origen mitocondrial profundo fuera de las alfaproteobacterias muestreadas

Joran Martijn1, Julian Vosseberg1,2, Lionel Guy3

  • 1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

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Las mitocondrias, cruciales para la energía celular, no evolucionaron de Rickettsiales como se pensaba anteriormente. Los nuevos datos genómicos revelan que su antepasado es anterior a todas las Alfaproteobacterias conocidas, lo que requiere una reevaluación de la evolución eucariota temprana.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología celular
  • Biología evolutiva
  • La genómica

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las mitocondrias son orgánulos vitales generadores de ATP que se originan en la endosimbiosis.
  • Los estudios filogenéticos sugieren un origen alfa-proteobacteriano para las mitocondrias.
  • Las investigaciones anteriores han arrojado resultados contradictorios con respecto al antepasado alfa-proteobacteriano específico.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para reevaluar la ubicación filogenética de las mitocondrias.
  • Para identificar los parientes más cercanos de las mitocondrias dentro de las Alfaproteobacterias.
  • Para aclarar el origen evolutivo y la naturaleza del antepasado mitocondrial.

Principales métodos:

  • Resolución del genoma de los conjuntos de datos del metagenoma oceánico.
  • Aumento del muestreo genómico de Alfaproteobacterias con doce clados divergentes.
  • Análisis filogenómicos que abordan la atracción de ramas largas y el sesgo de composición.

Principales resultados:

  • Las mitocondrias no se originan en Rickettsiales ni en ningún linaje alfa-proteobacteriano reconocido.
  • Los análisis filogenómicos indican que un ancestro se ramificó antes que todas las Alfaproteobacterias muestreadas.
  • El estudio proporciona nuevos datos genómicos para doce clados alfa-proteobacterianos divergentes.

Conclusiones:

  • El origen evolutivo de las mitocondrias es distinto de los grupos alfa-proteobacterianos previamente identificados.
  • Las hipótesis anteriores con respecto al antepasado mitocondrial requieren una reevaluación basada en nuevos hallazgos.
  • Esta investigación refina nuestra comprensión de la evolución temprana de las células eucariotas y los orígenes de los orgánulos.