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Atomic Mass

Atomic Mass

Atoms — and the protons, neutrons, and electrons that compose them — are extremely small. For example, a carbon atom weighs less than 2 × 10−23 g. When describing the properties of tiny objects such as atoms, we use appropriately small units of measure, such as the atomic mass unit (amu). The amu was originally defined based on hydrogen, the lightest element, then later in terms of oxygen. Since 1961, it has been defined with regard to the most abundant isotope of carbon, atoms of which...

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The mode is one of the commonly used measures of a central tendency. It is defined as the most frequent value in a data set.
There can be more than one mode in a data set if multiple values have the same highest frequency. For instance, suppose that the Statistics exam scores of 20 students are: 50; 53; 59; 59; 63; 63; 72; 72; 72; 72; 72; 76; 78; 81; 83; 84; 84; 84; 90; 93. Here, the mode is 72, as it occurs most frequently, five times.
A data set with two modes is called bimodal. For example,...

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The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals. The new orbitals that...

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Enredo entre dos modos atómicos separados espacialmente

Karsten Lange¹, Jan Peise¹, Bernd Lücke¹

¹Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|April 28, 2018

Resumen

Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los investigadores crearon enredos entre dos nubes atómicas ultrafrías separadas. Este avance en el entrelazamiento cuántico para partículas idénticas abre nuevas posibilidades para aplicaciones y tecnologías de información cuántica.

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Área de la Ciencia:

La física cuántica
Ciencias de la información cuántica
Física atómica

Sus antecedentes:

Las tecnologías cuánticas requieren grandes conjuntos de partículas entrelazadas.
El entrelazamiento en átomos neutros ultrafríos se ha logrado para miles de partículas.
El entrelazamiento en partículas idénticas carece de subsistemas claramente definidos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para generar entrelazamiento entre dos nubes separadas espacialmente de partículas idénticas ultrafrías.
Para permitir el uso de estados entrelazados de partículas indistinguibles para aplicaciones de información cuántica.

Principales métodos:

Preparado un conjunto de partículas idénticas ultrafrías en un estado gemelo de Fock.
Divide el conjunto en dos nubes separadas espacialmente.
Utilizó la simetría de intercambio de partículas inherente a partículas idénticas.

Principales resultados:

Generado con éxito entrelazamiento entre las dos nubes separadas.
Control demostrado sobre estados entrelazados de partículas indistinguibles.
Demostró la capacidad de abordar las nubes separadas individualmente.

Conclusiones:

El experimento proporciona un nuevo método para generar entrelazamiento entre subsistemas distintos de partículas idénticas.
Este trabajo allana el camino para explotar el entrelazamiento en partículas indistinguibles para la computación cuántica, la simulación y la metrología.