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Bloqueo atmosférico como atasco en la corriente en chorro
Noboru Nakamura1, Clare S Y Huang2
1Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. nnn@uchicago.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 26, 2018
Resumen
El bloqueo atmosférico, una causa del clima extremo, es explicado por una nueva teoría. Esta teoría compara la corriente en chorro con una autopista, donde exceder su capacidad de actividad de onda causa congestión de bloqueo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Meteorología
- Ciencias atmosféricas
- Ciencias del clima
Sus antecedentes:
- Los eventos de bloqueo atmosférico, caracterizados por meandros persistentes de corriente en chorro, están relacionados con los extremos climáticos de latitudes medias.
- Los mecanismos precisos que desencadenan el bloqueo atmosférico siguen siendo poco conocidos, lo que dificulta la predicción precisa y los esfuerzos de mitigación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para aclarar el mecanismo de inicio del bloqueo atmosférico.
- Establecer una teoría matemática unificadora para el bloqueo atmosférico y la congestión del tráfico.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos meteorológicos.
- Aplicación de una teoría matemática común para describir tanto el bloqueo atmosférico como la congestión del tráfico.
Principales resultados:
- Se traza una analogía directa entre el bloqueo atmosférico y la congestión del tráfico en las carreteras.
- La corriente en chorro posee una capacidad para el flujo de actividad de la onda; exceder esta capacidad conduce a un bloqueo (congestión).
- Las ondas estacionarias influyen en la capacidad de la corriente en chorro, localizando la formación de bloqueo.
Conclusiones:
- Una nueva teoría explica el inicio del bloqueo atmosférico a través de un mecanismo de exceso de capacidad análogo a los atascos de tráfico.
- El cambio climático puede alterar la frecuencia de bloqueo al afectar la proximidad operativa de la corriente en chorro a su capacidad.
- Esta investigación proporciona un nuevo marco para comprender y potencialmente predecir los fenómenos meteorológicos extremos asociados con el bloqueo.
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