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Regulación celular piramidal de las redes corticales que esculpen la supervivencia de las interneuronas
Fong Kuan Wong1,2, Kinga Bercsenyi1,2, Varun Sreenivasan1,2
1Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Nature
|June 1, 2018
Resumen
La actividad celular piramidal regula la supervivencia de las interneuronas inhibitorias durante una ventana crítica de desarrollo postnatal. Este proceso dependiente de la actividad asegura el equilibrio correcto de las neuronas excitatorias e inhibidoras en la corteza cerebral en desarrollo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Biología del desarrollo
- Biología celular
Sus antecedentes:
- La corteza cerebral de los mamíferos depende de una red equilibrada de neuronas excitatorias e inhibidoras para su correcto funcionamiento.
- Los mecanismos precisos que rigen el establecimiento de números apropiados de estas poblaciones neuronales durante el desarrollo no se comprenden completamente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel de la actividad celular piramidal en la regulación de la supervivencia de las interneuronas durante el desarrollo postnatal.
- Para aclarar las vías moleculares involucradas en el control de la población neuronal dependiente de la actividad.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron modelos de ratón para estudiar la supervivencia neuronal durante una ventana crítica de desarrollo posnatal.
- Se examinó el impacto de la entrada sináptica excitatoria en la supervivencia de las interneuronas individuales.
- Investigó la modulación de las vías de señalización de la fosfatasa y el homólogo de la tensina (PTEN).
Principales resultados:
- La supervivencia de las interneuronas en la corteza postnatal del ratón depende de la actividad de las células piramidales.
- La entrada sináptica excitatoria a las interneuronas durante un período de desarrollo específico predice su supervivencia o muerte.
- Las células piramidales modulan negativamente la señalización PTEN, promoviendo la muerte celular de las interneuronas.
Conclusiones:
- Los mecanismos dependientes de la actividad regulan dinámicamente el número de interneuronas inhibitorias en el desarrollo de circuitos corticales.
- Este proceso es crucial para establecer la proporción correcta de neuronas excitatorias a inhibidoras en la corteza cerebral.
- Los hallazgos revelan un nuevo mecanismo para el refinamiento del circuito dependiente de la actividad durante el desarrollo temprano del cerebro.
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