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Los antiguos linajes paralelos humanos dentro de América del Norte contribuyeron a una expansión costera
C L Scheib1,2, Hongjie Li3, Tariq Desai4
1Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DZ, UK. cls83@ut.ee tk331@cam.ac.uk malhi@illinois.edu.
Resumen
Los primeros americanos
Área de la Ciencia:
- Genética y Antropología
Sus antecedentes:
- El poblamiento de las Américas sigue siendo incompletamente entendido.
- Estudios genómicos anteriores sugieren un vínculo entre las poblaciones antiguas y los nativos americanos modernos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los orígenes genéticos de los primeros pueblos de las Américas.
- Para identificar distintas poblaciones ancestrales en la antigua América del Norte.
Principales métodos:
- Secuenciación del genoma de 91 restos humanos antiguos de California y el suroeste de Ontario.
- Análisis genómico comparativo con conjuntos de datos humanos antiguos y modernos existentes.
Principales resultados:
- Identificó dos poblaciones ancestrales distintas en la antigua América del Norte, potencialmente divergentes al sur de las capas de hielo glaciales.
- Demostró que todos los modernos centroamericanos y sudamericanos derivan su ascendencia de estas dos poblaciones.
- Las proporciones de ascendencia observadas son consistentes con la migración costera y los sucesivos eventos de mezcla.
Conclusiones:
- El poblamiento de las Américas involucró al menos dos linajes ancestrales distintos.
- Los antiguos genomas californianos y ontarianos proporcionan información crucial sobre la dinámica de la población estadounidense temprana.
- Los datos genómicos apoyan los modelos de dispersión costera y mezcla compleja en el poblamiento de las Américas.
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