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Transferencia de estado cuántico determinista y entrelazamiento remoto utilizando fotones de microondas
P Kurpiers1, P Magnard2, T Walter2
1Department of Physics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland. philipp.kurpiers@phys.ethz.ch.
Nature
|June 15, 2018
Resumen
Demostramos un protocolo de red cuántica determinista para los qubits superconductores. Este método permite la transferencia de estado y el entrelazamiento de alta fidelidad, cruciales para la computación cuántica distribuida.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de la información cuántica
- Las redes cuánticas
- Circuitos Cuánticos Superconductores
Sus antecedentes:
- El intercambio coherente de información es esencial para el procesamiento de información cuántica distribuida.
- Los canales cuánticos directos ofrecen ventajas para la computación cuántica tolerante a fallas al permitir el entrelazamiento determinista.
- Los circuitos superconductores sirven como nodos cuánticos universales capaces de hacer operaciones cuánticas complejas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Implementar protocolos deterministas de transferencia de estado y entrelazamiento entre qubits superconductores en chips separados.
- Establecer un canal cuántico directo para tasas de entrelazamiento mejoradas y computación cuántica distribuida.
- Para mostrar el potencial de los circuitos superconductores en la construcción de redes cuánticas robustas.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó un proceso de microondas asistido por la cavidad de Raman.
- Los qubits superconductores entrelazados (átomos artificiales de tipo transmon) con fotones individuales itinerantes.
- Transferencia de estado lograda por absorción de fotones en el nodo receptor.
Principales resultados:
- Se ha demostrado la transferencia determinista del estado del qubit con una probabilidad del 98,1% y una fidelidad del 80,02% en 180 nanosegundos.
- Logrado enredamiento remoto bajo demanda con una fidelidad del 78,9% a una velocidad de 50 kilohertz.
- Los resultados mostraron una excelente concordancia con las simulaciones de ecuaciones maestras.
Conclusiones:
- El protocolo determinista implementado es un paso significativo hacia la construcción de sistemas de computación cuántica distribuidos.
- Este método proporciona un enfoque viable para el intercambio de información confiable en las redes cuánticas.
- La alta fidelidad y la tasa de entrelazamiento son prometedoras para futuras aplicaciones de redes cuánticas.
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