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El levantamiento rápido de la roca en la ensenada del mar de Amundsen promueve la estabilidad de la capa de hielo
Valentina R Barletta1,2, Michael Bevis2, Benjamin E Smith3
1DTU Space, National Space Institute, Geodynamics Department, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark. vr.barletta@gmail.com.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 23, 2018
Resumen
El rápido ajuste isostático glacial (GIA) en la bahía del mar de Amundsen (ASE) sugiere que la estabilidad de la capa de hielo de la Antártida Occidental (WAIS) puede estar subestimada. Los nuevos datos de GPS revelan una elevación más rápida del lecho rocoso, acortando significativamente las escalas de tiempo de GIA.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geofísica
- Glaciología
- Ciencias del clima
Sus antecedentes:
- La capa de hielo de la Antártida Occidental (WAIS) en la ensenada del mar de Amundsen (ASE) contribuye significativamente al aumento global del nivel del mar y enfrenta riesgos de colapso.
- El ajuste isostático glacial (GIA), la respuesta del lecho rocoso a los cambios de masa de hielo, se consideraba tradicionalmente un proceso a largo plazo (10.000 años).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la viscosidad del manto debajo de la ASE utilizando nuevas mediciones GPS.
- Reevaluar la escala de tiempo del ajuste isostático glacial (AIG) en esta región vulnerable.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó nuevas mediciones de GPS para detectar la elevación rápida del lecho rocoso en el Embayment del Mar de Amundsen (ASE).
- Calculó la viscosidad del manto sub-ASE basado en las tasas de elevación observadas.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó una elevación excepcionalmente rápida de 41 mm/año en el ASE.
- Se determinó una viscosidad del manto significativamente menor (4 x 10^18 Pa·s) que el promedio mundial.
- Acortó la escala de tiempo de respuesta estimada de GIA de milenios a siglos.
Conclusiones:
- El rápido GIA indica una respuesta más rápida del lecho rocoso a la pérdida de hielo de lo que se suponía anteriormente.
- Requiere una revisión al alza del 10% de las estimaciones de pérdida de masa de hielo a partir de los datos de gravedad.
- Sugiere una estabilidad potencialmente mayor para la capa de hielo de la Antártida Occidental (WAIS) contra el colapso catastrófico de lo que se temía anteriormente.
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