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Plasticidad sináptica coordinada localmente de las neuronas de la corteza visual in vivo

Sami El-Boustani¹, Jacque P K Ip², Vincent Breton-Provencher²

¹Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. msur@mit.edu elbousta@mit.edu.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|June 23, 2018

Resumen

La plasticidad inducida por el tiempo de picos en la corteza visual del ratón fortalece las sinapsis activas mientras debilita las adyacentes. Este fortalecimiento y debilitamiento sináptico coordinado, que involucra la redistribución del receptor AMPA y el gen Arc, orquesta las respuestas neuronales funcionales.

Área de la Ciencia:

La neurociencia
Plasticidad sináptica
Función cortical

Sus antecedentes:

Las respuestas corticales exhiben plasticidad a través de cambios sinápticos dependientes de la actividad.
Los mecanismos cooperativos de las diferentes formas de plasticidad sináptica siguen sin estar claros.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar cómo la plasticidad sináptica orquesta cambios funcionales en las neuronas de la corteza visual.
Para aclarar las funciones coordinadas de la potenciación sináptica y la depresión.

Principales métodos:

Estudió la plasticidad del campo receptivo inducida por el tiempo de picada en la corteza visual del ratón.
Monitoreo de cambios en la fuerza sináptica en las espinas individuales.
Investigó la redistribución del receptor AMPA y la expresión del gen Arc.

Principales resultados:

La plasticidad del campo receptivo es impulsada por espinas activas fortalecidas.
Las espinas adyacentes muestran una disminución de la fuerza en una escala de tiempo más lenta.
La potenciación coordinada y la depresión implican una redistribución del receptor AMPA mediada por Arc.

Conclusiones:

El fortalecimiento hebbiano de las sinapsis activas y el debilitamiento heterosináptico de las adyacentes cooperan.
Este proceso orquesta la plasticidad de las respuestas funcionales neuronales en toda la célula.

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