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Sistemas energéticos con cero emisiones netas

Steven J Davis1,2, Nathan S Lewis3, Matthew Shaner4

  • 1Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA. sjdavis@uci.edu nslewis@caltech.edu kcaldeira@carnegiescience.edu.

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|June 30, 2018
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Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La descarbonización de servicios esenciales como el transporte y la fabricación es urgente. Las tecnologías existentes pueden eliminar las emisiones de dióxido de carbono (CO2), pero requieren reducciones de costes y sistemas energéticos integrados.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Análisis de los sistemas energéticos
  • Ecología industrial
  • Mitigación del cambio climático

Sus antecedentes:

  • Algunos servicios energéticos y procesos industriales, incluidos el transporte de mercancías a larga distancia, los viajes aéreos, la electricidad confiable y la producción de acero y cemento, son difíciles de descarbonizar.
  • La creciente demanda de estos servicios, junto con los largos plazos de desarrollo tecnológico y la infraestructura existente, requiere una acción climática urgente.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Examinar los obstáculos y las oportunidades en la descarbonización de sectores difíciles de reducir.
  • Identificar posibles soluciones tecnológicas y prioridades de investigación y desarrollo para estos sectores.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de las tecnologías existentes y emergentes para la reducción de emisiones.
  • Evaluación de los factores económicos y operativos que influyen en la adopción de la tecnología.
  • Revisión de las necesidades de investigación e innovación.

Principales resultados:

  • Una variedad de tecnologías existentes pueden satisfacer las demandas futuras sin emisiones netas de dióxido de carbono (CO2).
  • El éxito de la descarbonización depende de la reducción de costes a través de la investigación y la innovación.
  • El despliegue coordinado y la integración entre las industrias energéticas son cruciales.

Conclusiones:

  • La descarbonización de sectores difíciles de reducir es posible con las tecnologías actuales.
  • Se requieren avances significativos en la rentabilidad y la integración operativa.
  • La investigación estratégica, el desarrollo y la colaboración intersectorial son esenciales para los objetivos climáticos.