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Respuesta de China a una emergencia nacional de sostenibilidad del sistema de tierra
Brett A Bryan1,2, Lei Gao3, Yanqiong Ye3,4
1Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia. b.bryan@deakin.edu.au.
Nature
|July 12, 2018
Resumen
China también.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del medio ambiente
- Gestión del suelo
- Estudios de sostenibilidad
Sus antecedentes:
- China se enfrenta a una emergencia de sostenibilidad del sistema terrestre.
- Los programas gubernamentales a gran escala iniciados desde 1998 tienen como objetivo hacer frente a esta crisis.
- Estas iniciativas representan una inversión significativa en la gestión de la tierra rural.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar los 16 principales programas de sostenibilidad en China.
- Evaluar la eficacia y las repercusiones de estas intervenciones sobre la tierra.
- Identificar los factores de éxito y los riesgos para los futuros esfuerzos de sostenibilidad de la tierra.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de 16 programas nacionales de sostenibilidad de la tierra.
- Evaluación de las inversiones por un total de 378,5 mil millones de USD (2015 USD).
- Evaluación del alcance del programa que abarca 623,9 millones de hectáreas y más de 500 millones de personas.
Principales resultados:
- Evidencia abrumadora de la mejora de la sostenibilidad del sistema de tierras rurales.
- Se observaron impactos matizados, con algunos resultados adversos también identificados.
- Se determinaron las características clave de los programas exitosos y los riesgos potenciales de durabilidad.
Conclusiones:
- Los programas de sostenibilidad de la tierra de China han tenido éxito en gran medida, pero con complejidades.
- Las lecciones aprendidas pueden servir de base para futuras estrategias nacionales e internacionales de gestión de la tierra.
- Los resultados contribuyen al logro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de las Naciones Unidas para 2030.
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