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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Cell Adhesion in Plants01:14

Cell Adhesion in Plants

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Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
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Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

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Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
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Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

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Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
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Bacterial Signaling01:30

Bacterial Signaling

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Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
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Bacterial Cell Wall01:22

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The bacterial cell wall is an essential structural component that encases the plasma membrane, preserving cellular integrity, determining shape, and protecting against osmotic stress. This rigid yet flexible structure primarily comprises peptidoglycan, a polymer that forms a mesh-like matrix conferring mechanical strength and flexibility.Peptidoglycan Composition and StructurePeptidoglycan, the core of the bacterial cell wall, comprises alternating units of N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and...
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Adhesion01:14

Adhesion

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Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
Capillary action is a result of water’s adhesive tendencies. When a narrow...
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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Preparing Protein Producing Synthetic Cells using Cell Free Bacterial Extracts, Liposomes and Emulsion Transfer
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Una caja de herramientas de adhesión celular bacteriana sintética para la programación de morfologías y patrones

David S Glass1, Ingmar H Riedel-Kruse1

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, 318 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Cell
|July 24, 2018
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los científicos diseñaron una plataforma sintética para controlar cómo se adhieren las células bacterianas. Esta herramienta genética permite el ensamblaje preciso de estructuras multicelulares, el avance de la biología sintética y el estudio de la evolución de la vida temprana.

Palabras clave:
adherenciaMorfologíaMulticelularidadLos nanocuerposel patrónautoensamblajeautoorganizaciónBiología sintética

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología sintética
  • Microbiología
  • La biofísica

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los sistemas multicelulares sintéticos ofrecen poderosos modelos para estudiar el desarrollo natural y la ingeniería de funciones biológicas complejas.
  • Las limitaciones actuales en el control de la adhesión celular dificultan el montaje preciso de estos sistemas.
  • Existe la necesidad de herramientas genéticamente codificadas para dirigir las interacciones célula-célula y la organización multicelular.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Desarrollar una plataforma sintética 100% codificada genéticamente para la adhesión celular modular en Escherichia coli.
  • Para proporcionar un control preciso sobre el autoensamblaje y la organización multicelular.
  • Permitir el diseño racional de morfologías y patrones multicelulares definidos.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó una biblioteca de nanobodies expuestos en la membrana externa y antígenos para la adhesión celular selectiva.
  • Especificidades ortogonales diseñadas dentro del sistema de adhesión.
  • Afinidad de adhesión controlada a través de propiedades de adhesión intrínsecas, inhibición competitiva y expresión inducible.

Principales resultados:

  • Diseño racional cuantitativo demostrado de morfologías y patrones bien definidos.
  • Se logra el control del autoensamblaje multicelular a través de interacciones homofílicas y heterófilas.
  • Capacidades exhibidas para ensamblaje tipo celosía, separación de fases, adhesión diferencial y estratificación secuencial.

Conclusiones:

  • La plataforma de adhesión sintética desarrollada proporciona un control modular sobre la multicelularidad de Escherichia coli.
  • Esta caja de herramientas permite la construcción de diseños multicelulares de alto nivel y materiales biológicos complejos.
  • El sistema ofrece información sobre la transición evolutiva de la vida unicelular a la multicelular.