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Diamantes azules que contienen boro del manto inferior de la Tierra

Evan M Smith¹, Steven B Shirey², Stephen H Richardson³

¹Gemological Institute of America, New York, NY, USA. evan.smith@gia.edu.

|August 3, 2018

Resumen

Los diamantes azules revelan el reciclaje profundo del manto. El boro en estas gemas raras indica que la corteza oceánica se subduce al manto inferior, facilitando la formación de diamantes y el reciclaje de elementos de la corteza.

Área de la Ciencia:

Geoquímica
Minerología
Petrología

Sus antecedentes:

La tectónica de placas impulsa el reciclaje de material de la superficie en el manto de la Tierra.
Los componentes subducidos de la corteza son difíciles de rastrear debido a las profundidades de liberación poco profundas.
El boro, abundante en la corteza, se encuentra en los fluidos formadores de diamantes del manto profundo.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para determinar el origen del boro en los diamantes del manto profundo.
Para identificar el entorno geológico de la cristalización del diamante tipo IIb.
Para aclarar el papel de la litosfera oceánica subducida en los procesos del manto profundo.

Principales métodos:

Análisis de las inclusiones minerales en los diamantes que contienen boro.
Experimentos a alta presión y temperatura para determinar la estabilidad del mineral.
Modelado geoquímico de los procesos de subducción

Principales resultados:

Los diamantes que contienen boro contienen conjuntos minerales únicos.
Estos ensamblajes indican precursores estables en la litosfera oceánica metamorfoseada en las profundidades inferiores del manto.
La evidencia sugiere que el boro de la litosfera oceánica serpentinizada se subduce y se libera en fluidos profundos.

Conclusiones:

Los diamantes de tipo IIb se originan en el manto inferior, entre los diamantes más profundos conocidos.
La litosfera oceánica serpentinizada por el agua de mar proporciona una vía para el reciclaje de boro en el manto profundo.
Este estudio demuestra un mecanismo viable para el reciclaje profundo de elementos de la corteza.

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