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Fibras de diodo para comunicaciones ópticas basadas en tejidos
Michael Rein1,2,3, Valentine Dominique Favrod1,4, Chong Hou2,3
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Nature
|August 10, 2018
Resumen
Los investigadores desarrollaron un proceso de dibujo térmico escalable para crear fibras de diodo semiconductor de alta calidad. Estas innovadoras fibras permiten la comunicación basada en tejidos y el monitoreo fisiológico, allanando el camino para los textiles inteligentes avanzados.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Ingeniería eléctrica
- Tecnología textil
Sus antecedentes:
- Los diodos semiconductores son cruciales para la electrónica moderna.
- La integración de diodos en los textiles ofrece funcionalidades avanzadas como la comunicación y el monitoreo fisiológico.
- Los métodos anteriores se enfrentaron a desafíos en la producción de diodos semiconductores de alta calidad dentro de las fibras.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Demostrar un proceso de dibujo térmico escalable para crear fibras de diodo conectadas eléctricamente.
- Realizar diodos semiconductores integrados de alta calidad dentro de fibras textiles.
- Explorar el potencial de estas fibras de diodo para aplicaciones en textiles inteligentes.
Principales métodos:
- Se construyó una preforma macroscópica con diodos discretos y canales huecos para cables conductores.
- Se empleó un proceso de dibujo térmico escalable para integrar diodos y alambres conductores (cobre o tungsteno).
- Se fabricaron dos tipos de dispositivos en fibra: diodos p-i-n emisores de luz y fotodetectores.
Principales resultados:
- Se logró la producción escalable de fibras de diodo conectadas eléctricamente con cientos de diodos en paralelo.
- Dispositivos en fibra demostrados con capacidad de emisión de luz y fotodetección.
- Aplicaciones funcionales exhibidas, incluido un enlace de comunicación óptica bidireccional de 3 MHz y el monitoreo de la frecuencia cardíaca, con una durabilidad de más de diez ciclos de lavado en máquina.
Conclusiones:
- El proceso de dibujo térmico desarrollado permite la creación de fibras de diodo funcionales de alta calidad adecuadas para la integración textil.
- Estas fibras de diodo ofrecen un camino hacia tejidos inteligentes avanzados para la comunicación, la detección y el monitoreo fisiológico.
- El enfoque presenta un potencial análogo de la "ley de Moore" para las fibras, aumentando la densidad y la funcionalidad del dispositivo en aplicaciones textiles.
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