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Estrategia de adquisición de hierro de las plantas explotada por un insecto herbívoro

L Hu¹, P Mateo^1,2, M Ye¹

¹Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|August 18, 2018

Resumen

Los gusanos del maíz occidental usan complejos de hierro-benzoxazinoides para encontrar y alimentarse de las raíces de maíz, mejorando su crecimiento. Esta interacción pone de relieve cómo los metabolitos secundarios de las plantas y la absorción de micronutrientes dan forma a las relaciones entre las plantas herbívoras.

Área de la Ciencia:

Interacciones entre plantas e insectos
Bioquímica de las plantas
Mecanismos de absorción de los nutrientes

Sus antecedentes:

Los insectos herbívoros dependen de las plantas huéspedes para obtener nutrientes esenciales.
Las plantas de maíz producen benzoxazinoides para la defensa y la absorción de hierro.
El gusano de la raíz del maíz occidental es una plaga importante del maíz.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar cómo el gusano de la raíz del maíz occidental localiza y utiliza los micronutrientes del maíz.
Comprender el papel de los complejos benzoxazinoide- hierro en esta interacción.

Principales métodos:

Análisis del comportamiento de alimentación del gusano de la raíz.
Identificación de los transportadores de hierro en el gusano de la raíz del maíz occidental.
Análisis bioquímico de los exsudados de raíz de maíz.

Principales resultados:

Las larvas del gusano de la raíz del maíz occidental utilizan complejos de hierro-benzoxazinoides para identificar el maíz como huésped.
Estos complejos facilitan la búsqueda de alimento y el crecimiento de las lombrices.
Un transportador de hierro en el gusano de la raíz permite la explotación de estos complejos.
Los benzoxazinoides cumplen una doble función en la defensa de las plantas y en la adquisición de hierro.

Conclusiones:

Los metabolitos secundarios vegetales y la disponibilidad de micronutrientes influyen significativamente en las estrategias de búsqueda de alimentos de los herbívoros especializados.
La interacción entre el maíz y el gusano de la raíz del maíz occidental está determinada por la explotación de complejos de hierro-benzoxazinoides.
Este estudio revela un nuevo mecanismo de adquisición de nutrientes en los insectos herbívoros.

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