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Bonding in Metals02:32

Bonding in Metals

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Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
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Metallic Solids02:37

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Alkali Metals03:06

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Group 1 elements are soft and shiny metallic solids. They are malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity. The melting points of the alkali metals are unusually low for metals and decrease going down the group, while the density increases going down the group with the exception of potassium (Table 1).
Table 1: Properties of the alkali metals
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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
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Properties of Transition Metals02:58

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Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
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Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

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The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
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Preparation of Liquid-exfoliated Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Nanosheets with Controlled Size and Thickness: A State of the Art Protocol
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Las nanohojas de iridio metálico mesoporoso

Bo Jiang1, Yanna Guo1, Jeonghun Kim2,3

  • 1International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA) , National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 22, 2018
PubMed
Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron nuevas nanohojas de iridio (Ir) mesoporoso 2D utilizando un nuevo método de síntesis. Estos nanomateriales metálicos avanzados muestran una mayor actividad catalítica para la reacción de evolución del oxígeno (OER).

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencias de los materiales
  • Nanotecnología
  • La electroquímica

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los metales bidimensionales (2D) son nanomateriales con propiedades electrónicas y térmicas únicas.
  • El aumento de la superficie en metales 2D es crucial para la utilización del material y la disponibilidad del sitio activo.
  • Los mesoporos en metales 2D ofrecen un camino para mejorar el rendimiento.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Desarrollar una nueva estrategia sintética para crear nanohojas de iridio (Ir) metálico mesoporoso en 2D.
  • Explorar el potencial de estas nuevas nanoestructuras para aplicaciones catalíticas.
  • Investigar su rendimiento en la reacción de evolución del oxígeno (OER).

Principales métodos:

  • Síntesis de nanohojas de Ir mesoporosas en 2D mediante el uso de micelas de copolímero dibloque (poli-oxido de etileno) -b-poliestireno, PEO-b-PS.
  • Alineación de las micelas dentro del plano 2D de las nanohojas.
  • Caracterización de la arquitectura mesoporosa y las propiedades catalíticas.

Principales resultados:

  • Se han sintetizado con éxito nanohojas metálicas mesoporosas en 2D sin precedentes.
  • Se han logrado ensamblajes de micelas PEO-b-PS alineadas en el plano 2D.
  • Se ha demostrado una alta actividad electrocatalítica para la reacción de evolución del oxígeno (OER) en solución ácida.

Conclusiones:

  • La nueva ruta sintética proporciona un control mejorado sobre la síntesis metálica 2D y las arquitecturas mesoporosas.
  • Las nanohojas de Ir mesoporosas resultantes ofrecen abundantes sitios catalíticamente activos.
  • Estos materiales muestran una actividad electrocatalítica OER superior en comparación con los catalizadores comerciales.