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The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

3.9K
The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
3.9K
Cellular Differentiation00:57

Cellular Differentiation

5.4K
How does a complex organism such as a human develop from a single cell? It all starts from a single fertilized egg which gives rise to a vast array of cell types, such as nerve cells, muscle cells, and epithelial cells that characterize the adult? Throughout development and adulthood, cellular differentiation leads cells to assume their final morphology and physiology. Differentiation is the process by which unspecialized cells become specialized to carry out distinct functions.
A zygote is a...
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Cellular Respiration01:18

Cellular Respiration

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Cellular respiration is a crucial metabolic process through which cells obtain energy from organic substances, mainly glucose, to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This process includes the oxidation of substrates and the transfer of electrons to a separate electron acceptor, facilitating ATP synthesis through a sequence of biochemical reactions.Glycolysis: The Initial StepGlycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration, occurring in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic...
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Control System Problem01:21

Control System Problem

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In an open-loop system, such as a basic thermostat, the poles of the transfer function influence the system's response but do not determine its stability. However, when feedback is introduced to form a closed-loop system, such as an advanced thermostat that adjusts heating based on room temperature, stability is governed by the new poles of the closed-loop transfer function.
When forming a closed-loop system, issues can arise if the poles cross into the unstable region, leading to potential...
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Introduction to Cellular Respiration01:22

Introduction to Cellular Respiration

189.5K
Organisms harvest energy from food, but this energy cannot be directly used by cells. Cells convert the energy stored in nutrients into a more usable form: adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
ATP stores energy in chemical bonds that can be quickly released when needed. Cells produce energy in the form of ATP through the process of cellular respiration. Although much of the energy from cellular respiration is released as heat, some of it is used to make ATP.
During cellular respiration, several...
189.5K
Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

9.7K
Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

High-precision Electromagnetic Flowmeter with Empty Pipe Detection via Complex Programmable Logic Device-based Waveform Recognition
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High-precision Electromagnetic Flowmeter with Empty Pipe Detection via Complex Programmable Logic Device-based Waveform Recognition

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Control de punto de control celular mediante lógica secuencial programable

Lauren B Andrews1,2, Alec A K Nielsen2, Christopher A Voigt3,2

  • 1Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 22, 2018
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los científicos diseñaron circuitos genéticos en E. coli para controlar los procesos biológicos secuencialmente. Estos circuitos utilizan pestillos y puertas NOR para permitir la progresión ordenada a través de diferentes estados celulares, imitando los puntos de control regulatorios naturales.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología sintética
  • Ingeniería genética
  • Biología de sistemas

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los procesos biológicos como el crecimiento y la diferenciación se basan en una progresión ordenada controlada por puntos de control regulatorios.
  • La ingeniería genética actual carece de un control preciso sobre las tareas biológicas complejas y de múltiples etapas.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Desarrollar circuitos genéticos que codifiquen la lógica secuencial para Escherichia coli.
  • Implementar el control de puntos de control para dividir las tareas genéticas complejas en etapas manejables.

Principales métodos:

  • Diseño y construcción de circuitos genéticos utilizando 11 cerraduras de reinicio basadas en puertas de represión NOR.
  • Sensores integrados para la entrada y el control de la señal externa.
  • Modelado de dinámica no lineal utilizado para predecir y analizar el rendimiento del circuito.

Principales resultados:

  • Implementó con éxito secuencias de estado lineal y cíclico en E. coli.
  • Se ha demostrado el control de los puntos de control cambiando las celdas entre varios estados de circuito durante días.
  • Se observó una estrecha concordancia entre el rendimiento del circuito experimental (hasta 3 cierres, 4 sensores) y las predicciones dinámicas.

Conclusiones:

  • Los circuitos genéticos pueden codificar y ejecutar confiablemente la lógica secuencial en las células vivas.
  • Este enfoque permite un control preciso y basado en etapas de los procesos biológicos, avanzando las aplicaciones de la biología sintética.