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El exposoma ambiental humano dinámico revelado por el monitoreo personal longitudinal
Chao Jiang1, Xin Wang1, Xiyan Li1
1Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA.
Cell
|September 23, 2018
Resumen
La exposición humana a los factores ambientales biológicos y químicos es vasta y dinámica. Este estudio revela que los exposomas personales son redes complejas y dependientes de la ubicación que afectan la salud humana.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de la salud ambiental
- Toxicología
- Microbiología
Sus antecedentes:
- La salud humana está intrínsecamente ligada a las exposiciones ambientales.
- El espectro completo y la variabilidad de estas exposiciones siguen sin caracterizarse en gran medida.
- Comprender los exposomas personales es crucial para la salud pública.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar y aplicar un método sensible para el control de las exposiciones biológicas y químicas en el aire.
- Caracterizar la naturaleza dinámica y espacio-temporal de los exposomas individuales.
- Investigar las relaciones entre las exposiciones biológicas y químicas y su contexto ambiental.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrollo de una técnica de seguimiento sensible para las exposiciones aéreas personales.
- Seguimiento longitudinal de 15 individuos en 66 ubicaciones geográficas durante un máximo de 890 días.
- Análisis de compuestos biológicos (de especies) y químicos en los exposomas personales.
- Construcción de una red de interacción de exposomas.
Principales resultados:
- Las personas están expuestas a miles de especies biológicas y compuestos químicos diversos, incluidos agentes nocivos como insecticidas y carcinógenos.
- Los exposomas personales muestran variaciones dinámicas y espaciotemporales significativas, incluso dentro de áreas geográficas cercanas.
- El análisis integrado mostró fuertes correlaciones dependientes de la ubicación entre las exposiciones biológicas y químicas.
- Una red de interacción de exposomas reveló ecosistemas interconectados centrados en el ser humano y el medio ambiente.
Conclusiones:
- Los exposomas humanos son muy diversos, dinámicos e influenciados por factores espaciotemporales.
- Los exosomas representan redes complejas de interacción con implicaciones significativas para la salud humana.
- Los hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de una evaluación exhaustiva de la exposición para comprender los resultados para la salud.
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