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Pd dispersado atómicamente en el híbrido nanodiamantes/grafeno para la hidrogenación selectiva del acetileno

Fei Huang^1,2, Yuchen Deng³, Yunlei Chen^4,5

¹Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science , Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenyang 110016 , People's Republic of China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|September 25, 2018

Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron un nuevo catalizador defectuoso de nanodiamantes y grafeno para la hidrogenación de acetileno altamente selectiva. Este catalizador de paladio dispersado atómicamente alcanza el 100% de conversión y el 90% de selectividad de etileno, ofreciendo una excelente estabilidad.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias de los materiales
Catálisis
Nanotecnología

Sus antecedentes:

La hidrogenación selectiva del acetileno al etileno es crucial en los procesos industriales.
El desarrollo de catalizadores altamente selectivos y estables sigue siendo un desafío importante.
Los catalizadores metálicos dispersos atómicamente ofrecen una reactividad y una selectividad únicas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Desarrollar una nueva estrategia de catalizador para catalizadores metálicos dispersos atómicamente.
Preparar e investigar un catalizador de paladio dispersado atómicamente en el grafeno de nanodiamantes defectuoso (ND@G) para la hidrogenación selectiva del acetileno.
Comprender la relación estructura-rendimiento para una mayor selectividad catalítica.

Principales métodos:

Síntesis de soporte defectuoso de nanodiamantes y grafeno (ND@G).
Preparación del catalizador de paladio (Pd) dispersado atómicamente en ND@G.
Prueba del catalizador para la hidrogenación selectiva del acetileno en presencia de etileno.
Caracterización de la estructura del catalizador y de los sitios activos.

Principales resultados:

El catalizador de paladio dispersado atómicamente en ND@G logró una conversión de acetileno del 100%.
El catalizador exhibió una alta selectividad del etileno del 90%.
El catalizador demostró una buena estabilidad en el tiempo, lo que indica su robustez.

Conclusiones:

La estructura única de los átomos de Pd dispersos anclados a través de enlaces Pd-C en ND@G es clave para una alta selectividad.
El diseño del catalizador bloquea efectivamente la formación de hidrógeno bajo la superficie y facilita la desorción de etileno, evitando la sobrehidrogenación.
Esta estrategia ofrece una ruta prometedora para el diseño de catalizadores avanzados para transformaciones químicas selectivas.

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