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What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

196.8K
Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
196.8K
What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

11.5K
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
11.5K
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

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5.6K
Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

24.9K
Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
24.9K
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

16.2K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
16.2K

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells
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Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells

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Las modificaciones de ARN modulan la expresión génica durante el desarrollo

Michaela Frye1,2, Bryan T Harada3,4, Mikaela Behm5

  • 1Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK. m.frye@gen.cam.ac.uk chuanhe@uchicago.edu.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 29, 2018
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Las modificaciones del ARN regulan la expresión génica y son vitales para el desarrollo. Las modificaciones del ARN mensajero (ARNm) como la N6-metiladenosina (m6A) afectan la estabilidad y la traducción de la transcripción, coordinando los procesos celulares.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología molecular
  • La genética
  • La bioquímica

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las modificaciones del ARN son reguladores posttranscripcionales cruciales de la expresión génica.
  • Estas modificaciones afectan a diversos procesos biológicos eucariotas y son esenciales para el desarrollo normal.
  • Las modificaciones del ARN mensajero (ARNm) influyen en el metabolismo del ARNm, incluida la traducción y la estabilidad.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Destacar las funciones reguladoras de las modificaciones del ARN en la expresión génica.
  • Para explicar cómo las modificaciones específicas como la N6-metiladenosina (m6A) coordinan la regulación de la transcripción.
  • Subrayar la importancia de las modificaciones del ARN en los procesos y el desarrollo celulares.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión de la literatura existente sobre las modificaciones del ARN.
  • Análisis del impacto de la N6-metiladenosina (m6A) en el metabolismo del ARNm.
  • Examen de las modificaciones del ARNt en relación con la estructura, la función y la respuesta a las señales externas.

Principales resultados:

  • Las modificaciones del ARN son críticas para la expresión y el desarrollo de los genes eucariotas.
  • La N6-metiladenosina (m6A) regula la traducción y la estabilidad del ARNm, coordinando los grupos de transcripción.
  • Las modificaciones del ARN de transferencia (ARNt) son esenciales para la estructura y función del ARN, y adaptan la síntesis de proteínas en respuesta a los estímulos.

Conclusiones:

  • Las modificaciones del ARN juegan un papel fundamental en la coordinación de los programas de expresión génica.
  • Estas modificaciones son esenciales para mantener los estados celulares y facilitar las transiciones del desarrollo.
  • La deposición y la función adecuadas de las modificaciones del ARN son indispensables para el desarrollo normal de los eucariotas.