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Los anticuerpos y los agonistas de TLR7 retrasan el rebote viral en monos infectados por SHIV

Erica N Borducchi¹, Jinyan Liu¹, Joseph P Nkolola¹

¹Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

|October 5, 2018

Resumen

Este estudio exploró la orientación hacia el reservorio viral del VIH-1 durante el tratamiento antirretroviral (TAR). La combinación de anticuerpos ampliamente neutralizantes (bNAbs) con un estimulante inmunológico retrasó el rebote viral en monos, lo que sugiere una posible estrategia de curación del VIH.

Área de la Ciencia:

Inmunología
Virología
Enfermedades infecciosas

Sus antecedentes:

El reservorio viral latente del VIH-1 es un obstáculo importante para lograr una cura.
Los anticuerpos ampliamente neutralizantes (bNAbs) muestran actividad antiviral, pero su papel en la orientación del reservorio durante la TAR no está claro.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar si los bNAbs pueden dirigirse al reservorio del VIH-1 durante el tratamiento antirretroviral (TAR).
Evaluar la combinación de un bNAb y un estimulante inmunológico para la orientación de los depósitos.

Principales métodos:

Administración del agonista bNAb PGT121 y TLR7 vesatolimod (GS-9620) durante el tratamiento antirretroviral en monos rhesus infectados con SHIV-SF162P3.
Evaluación del rebote viral después de la interrupción del TARV.
Estudios de transferencia adoptiva y agotamiento de CD8 en un subconjunto de animales.

Principales resultados:

La administración combinada de PGT121 y GS-9620 durante el tratamiento antirretroviral retrasó el rebote viral después del cese del tratamiento antirretroviral.
En los animales que no experimentaron rebote, los estudios de transferencia adoptiva y agotamiento de CD8 no detectaron virus.
Esto sugiere que el reservorio viral fue efectivamente atacado.

Conclusiones:

La combinación de bNAbs con estimulación inmune innata puede ser una estrategia viable para atacar el reservorio latente del VIH-1.
Este enfoque tiene el potencial de desarrollar una cura funcional para la infección por VIH-1.

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