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The thermodynamic processes can be classified into reversible and irreversible processes. The processes that can be restored to their initial state are called reversible processes. It is only possible if the process is in quasi-static equilibrium, i.e., it takes place in infinitesimally small steps, and the system remains at equilibrium However, these are ideal processes and do not occur naturally. An ideal system undergoing a reversible process is always in thermodynamic equilibrium within...
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Autoensamblaje reversible de las redes superestructuradas

Ronit Freeman1, Ming Han2, Zaida Álvarez1

  • 1Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.

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|October 6, 2018
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Los científicos crearon hidrogeles dinámicos utilizando conjugados de péptido-ADN que se ensamblan y desmontan de manera reversible. Estos materiales inteligentes responden a las señales moleculares y al cambio de densidad de carga, ofreciendo nuevas posibilidades para la robótica blanda y la medicina regenerativa.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencias de los materiales
  • Biotecnología
  • Química supramolecular

Sus antecedentes:

  • La naturaleza utiliza interacciones no covalentes reversibles para la organización dinámica de materiales blandos.
  • Los materiales sintéticos luchan por replicar esta capacidad dinámica de ensamblaje y desmontaje.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Diseñar hidrogeles sintéticos con funciones de autoensamblaje y desensamblaje reversibles.
  • Para investigar los mecanismos moleculares que impulsan el comportamiento dinámico de estos hidrogeles.

Principales métodos:

  • Fabricación de hidrogeles a partir de péptidos y péptidos conjugados de ADN.
  • Caracterización experimental de la formación y el desmontaje de la superestructura de hidrogel.
  • Simulaciones de dinámica molecular para comprender las relaciones estructura-propiedad.

Principales resultados:

  • Los hidrogeles formaban superestructuras reversibles de filamentos entrelazados.
  • El desmontaje se desencadenó por adición molecular o cambios en la densidad de carga.
  • La respuesta requirió una redistribución molecular a gran escala impulsada por interacciones no covalentes.
  • Cambios estructurales reversibles correlacionados con cambios reversibles en el fenotipo de las células neuronales.

Conclusiones:

  • Se demostró una nueva clase de hidrogeles dinámicos con autoensamblaje sintonizable.
  • Destacó el papel crítico de la energía de cohesión supramolecular en estructuras reversibles.
  • Se mostraron aplicaciones potenciales en biomateriales sensibles y plataformas de cultivo celular.