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Canales de agua nanométricos en el electrolito de la batería de iones de litio en agua salada
Joonhyung Lim1,2, Kwanghee Park1,2, Hochan Lee1,2
1Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Korea University , Seoul 02841 , Korea.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 26, 2018
Resumen
Los investigadores descubrieron que los canales de agua dentro de las redes de iones facilitan el transporte de iones de litio en electrolitos acuosos. Este hallazgo guía el desarrollo de baterías de iones de litio avanzadas a base de agua (LIB).
Área de la Ciencia:
- La electroquímica
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Química Física
Sus antecedentes:
- Las baterías de iones de litio (LIB) son cruciales para el almacenamiento de energía.
- Los electrolitos acuosos ofrecen un potencial para LIBs más seguros y sostenibles.
- El papel del agua en los electrolitos acuosos concentrados no se comprende bien.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para aclarar el papel del agua en el transporte de iones dentro de electrolitos acuosos superconcentrados para LIBs.
- Identificar las principales características estructurales que rigen la movilidad iónica en electrolitos a base de agua.
Principales métodos:
- Espectroscopia infrarroja (IR) de femtosegundos para sondear la estructura y la dinámica del agua.
- Simulaciones de dinámica molecular para modelar las interacciones entre iones y moléculas y las vías de transporte.
Principales resultados:
- Coexistencia observada de agua a granel y interfacial dentro de los agregados iónicos.
- Identificación de redes 3D entrelazadas de enlaces de iones y hidrógeno con agua.
- Se ha demostrado el transporte de iones de litio hidratados a través de canales de agua a granel.
Conclusiones:
- Los aniones caotrópicos que rompen la estructura del agua son prometedores para los electrolitos LIB acuosos.
- Comprender el papel del agua en las redes iónicas es clave para diseñar LIB acuosas eficientes.
- Este trabajo proporciona principios rectores para el desarrollo de la próxima generación de electrolitos LIB acuosos.
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