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El monóxido de carbono como promotor del catalizador de platino dispersado atómicamente en la reacción electroquímica

Han Chang Kwon¹, Minho Kim², Jan-Philipp Grote³

¹Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|November 2, 2018

Resumen

El monóxido de carbono mejora sorprendentemente la electrocatálisis del platino para las reacciones de evolución del hidrógeno (HER) a nivel atómico. Este efecto de promoción de CO, observado en los catalizadores atómicos de platino, aumenta la eficiencia de la producción de hidrógeno.

Área de la Ciencia:

Catálisis heterogénea
La electrocatálisis
Ciencias de los materiales

Sus antecedentes:

El monóxido de carbono (CO) es un veneno conocido para los catalizadores de platino (Pt) en catálisis heterogénea debido a su fuerte unión.
Este efecto de envenenamiento se observa generalmente en varios procesos catalíticos, incluida la electrocatálisis.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el efecto del CO en los catalizadores de platino a nivel atómico, específicamente para las reacciones de evolución del hidrógeno (HER).
Explorar un fenómeno contraintuitivo donde el CO podría promover, en lugar de inhibir, la actividad catalítica.

Principales métodos:

Análisis electroquímico para medir la actividad catalítica.
Espectroscopia de masas operando para identificar los productos de la reacción.
Identificación estructural de los sitios catalíticos y análisis computacional.

Principales resultados:

Los catalizadores Pt atómicos modificados por CO mostraron un aumento significativo de la corriente de reducción en comparación con el Pt atómico prístino.
La corriente aumentada se atribuyó a la mejora de la evolución de H2, no a la reducción de CO.
Se encontró que la ligadura de CO en Pt atómico facilita la formación de adsorción de hidrógeno (Hads) a través de la disociación de agua.

Conclusiones:

Los catalizadores Pt atómicos exhiben características distintas en comparación con el Pt a granel, lo que demuestra un efecto promotor de CO en HER.
Este fenómeno contrario a la intuición ofrece nuevas estrategias para ajustar la actividad de los catalizadores metálicos atómicos.
Comprender el papel del CO a escala atómica es crucial para el diseño de electrocatalizadores avanzados.

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