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Evolución experimental de un patógeno fúngico en un simbionte intestinal
Gloria Hoi Wan Tso1, Jose Antonio Reales-Calderon1, Alrina Shin Min Tan1
1Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove Immunos #04, Singapore 138648, Singapore.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 3, 2018
Resumen
Los investigadores desarrollaron un hongo en ratones, creando una cepa que perdió sus rasgos dañinos y protegió al huésped de las infecciones. Esto sugiere un nuevo modelo para estudiar la evolución de las relaciones beneficiosas entre animales y microbios y la inmunidad entrenada.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología
- Inmunología
- Biología evolutiva
Sus antecedentes:
- La simbiosis animal-microbiana es crucial, pero sus orígenes evolutivos no están claros.
- Los patógenos oportunistas pueden causar enfermedades, pero también pueden tener funciones beneficiosas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el surgimiento evolutivo del mutualismo entre un mamífero y un hongo.
- Para entender cómo un patógeno oportunista puede ser adaptado para la protección del huésped.
Principales métodos:
- Evolución adaptativa de *Candida albicans* en el tracto gastrointestinal del ratón.
- Evaluación de la protección del huésped contra las infecciones sistémicas.
- Investigando el papel de la inmunidad innata y la inmunidad entrenada.
Principales resultados:
- Las cepas seleccionadas de Candida albicans perdieron su virulencia.
- Las cepas adaptadas protegieron a los ratones contra las infecciones sistémicas.
- La protección era rápida, dependiente de la inmunidad innata, y se parecía a la inmunidad entrenada.
Conclusiones:
- La evolución experimental puede generar interacciones beneficiosas entre el huésped y el microbio.
- Este sistema proporciona un modelo para estudiar la evolución del mutualismo.
- Los microbios adaptados pueden inducir inmunidad entrenada para beneficio del huésped.
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