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Extracción rápida y selectiva de pequeñas cantidades de oro de mezclas complejas de agua con un marco
Daniel T Sun1, Natalia Gasilova1, Shuliang Yang1
1Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1950 Sion , Switzerland.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 6, 2018
Resumen
Los investigadores desarrollaron un nuevo material compuesto para la extracción eficiente de oro de varias fuentes de agua. Esta nueva tecnología ofrece una alta capacidad y tasas rápidas para recuperar el oro de los residuos electrónicos y las aguas residuales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Química del medio ambiente
- Nanotecnología
Sus antecedentes:
- El aumento de los residuos electrónicos requiere métodos avanzados de recuperación de oro más allá de la minería tradicional.
- Las tecnologías existentes carecen de eficiencia y selectividad para extraer oro ultratrazado de matrices líquidas complejas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Diseñar y desarrollar materiales compuestos altamente porosos para la extracción selectiva de oro.
- Evaluar el rendimiento de estos compuestos en la recuperación de oro de diversos entornos acuosos.
Principales métodos:
- Fabricación de compuestos porosos utilizando plantillas de marco metálico orgánico (MOF) y polímeros redox-activos.
- Prueba de la eficiencia y velocidad de extracción de oro de un compuesto específico (Fe-BTC/PpPDA) a partir de varios tipos de agua.
- Evaluación de la capacidad, selectividad y ciclabilidad del material para la recuperación de oro.
Principales resultados:
- El compuesto Fe-BTC/PpPDA demostró una rápida extracción de oro (en tan solo 2 minutos) de mezclas complejas que incluyen aguas residuales, agua de océano y lixiviados de desechos electrónicos.
- Logró una capacidad excepcional de eliminación de oro de 934 mg de oro / g de compuesto.
- El material exhibió una alta ciclabilidad, lo que permitió una concentración efectiva de oro con purezas de hasta 23,9 K.
Conclusiones:
- El compuesto basado en MOF desarrollado ofrece una solución innovadora para la recuperación de oro ultratraz.
- Esta tecnología presenta un método sostenible y eficiente para reciclar el oro de los residuos electrónicos y otras fuentes complejas.
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