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Long-term Depression

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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Long-term Depression01:03

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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Freezing Point Depression and Boiling Point Elevation03:12

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The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is equal to ambient atmospheric pressure. Since the vapor pressure of a solution is lowered due to the presence of nonvolatile solutes, it stands to reason that the solution’s boiling point will subsequently be increased. Vapor pressure increases with temperature, and so a solution will require a higher temperature than will pure solvent to achieve any given vapor pressure, including one...
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Depressants01:28

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Depressant drugs, including alcohol and sedative-hypnotics, diminish central nervous system activity by enhancing the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that reduces brain activity and promotes relaxation. These substances can have various therapeutic uses but also pose significant risks, especially when misused or combined.
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Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
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Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

The Forced Swim Test as a Model of Depressive-like Behavior
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La depresión

Gin S Malhi1, J John Mann2

  • 1Department of Academic Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; CADE Clinic, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Lancet (London, England)
|November 7, 2018
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La depresión mayor tiene un impacto significativo en la vida diaria y es un problema de salud mundial cada vez mayor. La detección temprana y el tratamiento eficaz son cruciales para mejorar los resultados de los pacientes y reducir la carga de la enfermedad.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Psiquiatría y salud mental
  • Epidemiología de la salud mundial

Sus antecedentes:

  • La depresión mayor es un trastorno de salud mental frecuente que tiene un impacto sustancial en el funcionamiento psicosocial y la calidad de vida.
  • La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) identificó la depresión mayor como la tercera causa principal de la carga mundial de enfermedades en 2008, con proyecciones de convertirse en la causa principal para 2030.
  • Los desafíos clínicos en el manejo de la depresión mayor se derivan de sus diversas presentaciones, trayectoria impredecible y respuestas variables al tratamiento.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para resaltar la importante carga global de la depresión mayor.
  • Subrayar las complejidades clínicas asociadas con la detección, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la depresión mayor.
  • Hacer hincapié en la necesidad de mejorar las estrategias para hacer frente a la depresión mayor.

Principales métodos:

  • Este resumen se basa en una revisión de la literatura existente y los datos mundiales de salud.
  • Análisis de los informes de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y las proyecciones epidemiológicas.
  • Observaciones clínicas sobre la presentación y el tratamiento de la depresión mayor.

Principales resultados:

  • La depresión grave es una de las principales causas de discapacidad en todo el mundo.
  • Se prevé que la carga de la enfermedad aumente significativamente para 2030.
  • Los médicos se enfrentan a desafíos debido a la naturaleza multifacética de la depresión.

Conclusiones:

  • La depresión mayor representa un problema de salud mundial crítico que requiere atención urgente.
  • Se necesitan estrategias clínicas eficaces para superar los obstáculos diagnósticos y terapéuticos.
  • Abordar la depresión mayor es esencial para mejorar la salud pública y la calidad de vida.