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El ritmo y el modo de evolución del genoma en el subfilo de la levadura en ciernes

Xing-Xing Shen¹, Dana A Opulente², Jacek Kominek²

¹Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.

|November 13, 2018

Resumen

La evolución de la levadura en ciernes revela un ancestro común complejo y una pérdida generalizada de rasgos. La evolución reductiva, no la transferencia horizontal de genes, impulsa principalmente la diversificación en este diverso grupo de hongos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Biología evolutiva
La genómica
Micología

Sus antecedentes:

Las levaduras en ciernes (Saccharomycotina) exhiben una gran diversidad genética en todos los biomas.
Comprender su historia evolutiva es crucial para comprender la diversificación de los hongos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para establecer una filogenia robusta para las levaduras en ciernes.
Para inferir su escala de tiempo de diversificación y analizar la evolución de los rasgos metabólicos.
Cuantificar la transferencia horizontal de genes (HGT) y reconstruir el conjunto de herramientas metabólicas ancestrales.

Principales métodos:

Análisis del genoma de 332 especies de levaduras en ciernes, incluidas 220 recién secuenciadas.
Análisis filogenético para establecer relaciones a nivel de género y tiempos de diversificación.
Reconstrucción de rasgos metabólicos y estados ancestrales.

Principales resultados:

Se estableció una robusta filogenia de 12 principales clados de levadura en ciernes, con una diversificación que se remonta al período devónico.
El antepasado común de la levadura en ciernes (BYCA) era metabólicamente complejo.
La evolución se caracteriza por una baja HGT y una pérdida generalizada de genes / rasgos, lo que indica que la evolución reductiva es un factor importante.

Conclusiones:

La evolución reductiva es un modo primario de diversificación evolutiva en las levaduras en ciernes.
La evolución genómica y fenotípica en Saccharomycotina está en gran medida moldeada por la pérdida de rasgos.
El estudio proporciona un marco evolutivo completo para las levaduras en ciernes.

Palabras clave:

Ascomycota y sus derivados Saccharomycotina y sus derivados y la evolución reductiva La genómica secuenciación de alto rendimiento Transferencia horizontal de genes Características metabólicas Datamiento molecular Filogenética Filogenomía

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