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El hipocampo es crucial para la formación de memoria a largo plazo no hipocampo durante el sueño
Anuck Sawangjit1, Carlos N Oyanedel1,2, Niels Niethard1
1Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Nature
|November 16, 2018
Resumen
Incluso los recuerdos que se creían independientes del hipocampo se benefician del sueño para su consolidación a largo plazo. Este estudio revela que el hipocampo es crucial para solidificar los recuerdos no dependientes del hipocampo durante el sueño.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Ciencias cognitivas
- Investigación de la memoria
Sus antecedentes:
- La memoria se clasifica ampliamente en tipos dependientes del hipocampo y no dependientes del hipocampo.
- Se sabe que el sueño apoya la consolidación de los recuerdos dependientes del hipocampo.
- El papel del sueño en la consolidación de recuerdos no dependientes del hipocampo sigue siendo menos entendido.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la necesidad del sueño y los mecanismos del hipocampo para la consolidación a largo plazo de la memoria no dependiente del hipocampo.
- Para determinar si los mecanismos dependientes del hipocampo están involucrados en la consolidación dependiente del sueño de los recuerdos no dependientes del hipocampo.
Principales métodos:
- Las ratas fueron entrenadas en nuevas tareas de reconocimiento de objetos (no dependientes del hipocampo) y de reconocimiento de objetos (dependientes del hipocampo).
- Se administró sueño o vigilia después de la codificación durante dos horas.
- La función del hipocampo fue manipulada mediante inyecciones de muscimol durante períodos específicos.
- El rendimiento de la memoria se evaluó en momentos inmediatos y remotos (1-3 semanas).
Principales resultados:
- La memoria de reconocimiento de objetos mostró un beneficio para el sueño tanto en pruebas inmediatas como remotas.
- La nueva memoria de reconocimiento de objetos mostró un beneficio del sueño solo en las pruebas a distancia (3 semanas).
- La inactivación del hipocampo durante el sueño post-codificación abolió la mejora inducida por el sueño de la memoria remota de reconocimiento de objetos nuevos.
Conclusiones:
- El hipocampo juega un papel crítico en la consolidación a largo plazo dependiente del sueño incluso de los recuerdos no dependientes del hipocampo.
- La repetición neuronal durante el sueño, particularmente la actividad del huso, puede ser la base de este proceso de consolidación.
- Esto desafía la dicotomía tradicional de los sistemas de memoria y destaca un papel más amplio para el hipocampo en la consolidación de la memoria.
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