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Caja tridimensional de carbaporfirina totalmente conjugada
Xian-Sheng Ke1, Taeyeon Kim2, Qing He1
1Department of Chemistry , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712-1224 , United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 20, 2018
Resumen
Los investigadores sintetizaron una nueva y grande jaula de carbaporirina expandida en tres dimensiones. La protonación transforma esta molécula no aromática en un sistema aromático con una cavidad significativamente mayor y propiedades electrónicas sintonizables.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Química orgánica
- Química supramolecular
- Ciencias de los materiales
Sus antecedentes:
- Las carbaporfirinas son compuestos macrocíclicos con propiedades electrónicas y estructurales únicas.
- El desarrollo de nuevas arquitecturas moleculares tridimensionales (3D) es crucial para los materiales avanzados.
- El ajuste de la aromaticidad y el tamaño de la cavidad de los macrociclos puede conducir a nuevas funcionalidades.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para sintetizar una carbaporfirina totalmente conjugada en 3D.
- Para investigar los cambios estructurales y electrónicos en la protonación.
- Explorar el potencial de esta nueva carbaporfirina para aplicaciones sintonizables.
Principales métodos:
- Síntesis de una sola vasija que incluye [2+4] condensación y oxidación.
- Difracción de rayos X de un solo cristal para el análisis estructural.
- Técnicas espectroscópicas (UV-NIR, 1H RMN) y métodos computacionales (NICS, ACID) para evaluar la aromaticidad y las propiedades electrónicas.
Principales resultados:
- Se sintetizó con éxito una nueva carbaporfirina expandida en 3D (2) con una estructura similar a una jaula.
- La carbaporfirina preparada es no aromática y tiene un valor NICS cercano a cero.
- La protonación con ácido trifluoroacético induce aromaticidad global, evidenciada por un gran valor NICS negativo y un aumento de la vida útil en estado excitado.
- La protonación aumenta significativamente el tamaño de la cavidad a aproximadamente 143 Å3.
Conclusiones:
- Se ha preparado la carbaporfirina más grande hasta la fecha con una estructura de jaula 3D totalmente conjugada.
- La protonación es una estrategia eficaz para ajustar la aromaticidad y las dimensiones de la cavidad de esta carbaporfirina.
- Este trabajo abre caminos para el diseño de materiales macrocíclicos funcionales con características electrónicas y estructurales controlables.
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