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Las piedras de flujo con fecha U-Pb restringen el registro de los primeros homínidos de Sudáfrica a las fases de
Robyn Pickering1,2, Andy I R Herries3,4, Jon D Woodhead5
1Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. robyn.pickering@uct.ac.za.
Nature
|November 23, 2018
Resumen
Las piedras de flujo en Sudáfrica
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleoantropología
- Geocronología
- Paleoclimatología
Sus antecedentes:
- El registro fósil de la Cuna de la Humanidad es crucial para entender la evolución humana.
- La datación de los fósiles de homínidos en esta región ha sido un desafío, obstaculizando los estudios evolutivos.
- Las piedras de flujo ofrecen un método potencial para una datación cronológica robusta.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para establecer una cronología confiable de los sitios de fósiles de homínidos en la Cuna de la Humanidad.
- Para correlacionar la preservación de fósiles con las condiciones paleoambientales.
- Para reconstruir la variabilidad climática pasada en Sudáfrica.
Principales métodos:
- La datación con uranio-plomo (U-Pb) de las capas de piedra de flujo de ocho cuevas.
- Estimación de la densidad del núcleo para combinar las edades de 29 U-Pb en un registro de intervalo de crecimiento.
- Interpretación del crecimiento de la roca de flujo como fases húmedas y deposición de fósiles como fases más secas.
Principales resultados:
- Las piedras de flujo datan de seis intervalos distintos entre 3,2 y 1,3 millones de años atrás.
- Se han identificado las principales fases húmedas (crecimiento de piedras de flujo) y las fases más secas (acumulación de fósiles).
- La preservación de fósiles está restringida a intervalos más secos, sesgando el registro de los homínidos.
Conclusiones:
- La datación de Flowstone U-Pb proporciona una cronología robusta para la Cuna de la Humanidad.
- El registro fósil de homínidos está sesgado hacia períodos más secos, lo que influye en nuestra comprensión de su evolución.
- Las piedras de flujo ofrecen información sobre la variabilidad climática africana pasada y su impacto en los hábitats de los homínidos.
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