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El suministro prolongado de leche en una araña saltadora

Zhanqi Chen1, Richard T Corlett1, Xiaoguo Jiao2

  • 1Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, 666303, China.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
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Una araña saltadora exhibe lactancia similar a la de los mamíferos, proporcionando leche nutritiva a sus crías. Este suministro de leche de los invertebrados y la atención materna extendida desafían nuestra comprensión de estos rasgos en el reino animal.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Zoología
  • Biología de los invertebrados
  • Biología evolutiva

Sus antecedentes:

  • La lactancia es una característica definidora de los mamíferos, con pocos ejemplos no mamíferos conocidos que exhiben diferentes mecanismos.
  • El cuidado parental en los invertebrados es diverso, pero generalmente no implica el suministro de leche.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Documentar y analizar el suministro de leche en una especie de araña saltadora.
  • Comparar el suministro de leche de araña y la atención materna con la lactancia de mamíferos y la atención parental.
  • Para investigar las implicaciones evolutivas de estos comportamientos en los invertebrados.

Principales métodos:

  • Observación de una colonia de arañas saltadoras durante un período prolongado.
  • Análisis del comportamiento de las interacciones madre-hijo, incluida la alimentación.
  • Evaluación de la composición de la leche y su valor nutricional (implicado).

Principales resultados:

  • Se observó que las arañas pequeñas ingerían las nutritivas gotas de leche secretadas por el surco epigástrico de la madre.
  • La provisión de leche era crucial para la supervivencia temprana de la descendencia y complementó la búsqueda de alimento posterior.
  • El cuidado materno se extendió más allá de la madurez sexual, influyendo en las relaciones sexuales adultas.

Conclusiones:

  • La provisión de leche similar a la de los mamíferos y el cuidado parental extendido han evolucionado de forma independiente en los invertebrados.
  • Estos hallazgos requieren una reevaluación de la distribución y evolución de la lactancia y el cuidado parental en todo el reino animal.
  • La araña saltadora proporciona un nuevo modelo para estudiar la evolución de las estrategias complejas de cuidado materno.