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Autoclasificación de copolímeros anfifílicos para materiales autoensamblados en agua: los polímeros pueden
Shota Imai1, Mikihito Takenaka2,3, Mitsuo Sawamoto1,4
1Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 4, 2018
Resumen
Los copolímeros anfifílicos con polietilenglicol (PEG) y las cadenas hidrofóbicas presentan una autoclasificación dinámica, formando micelas distintas. Este comportamiento de auto-reconocimiento permite la auto-curación de hidrogeles con adhesión selectiva.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Química de los polímeros
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Química supramolecular
Sus antecedentes:
- Los copolímeros anfifílicos se autoensamblan en varias nanoestructuras en solución.
- El control del autoensamblaje en condiciones competitivas sigue siendo un desafío.
- La autoclasificación dinámica ofrece un nuevo mecanismo para la formación precisa de nanoestructuras.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el comportamiento dinámico de autoclasificación de los copolímeros anfifílicos aleatorios.
- Explorar la influencia de la composición del copolímero y de los grupos colgantes en la autoclasificación.
- Para desarrollar materiales avanzados como hidrogeles auto-curativos usando este fenómeno.
Principales métodos:
- Síntesis de copolímeros anfifílicos aleatorios con polietilenglicol (PEG) y colgantes de alquilo hidrofóbicos.
- Diseminación dinámica de la luz (DLS) y microscopía electrónica de transmisión (TEM) para la caracterización de las micelas.
- Estudios reológicos para evaluar las propiedades del hidrogel.
Principales resultados:
- Los copolímeros demostraron una autoclasificación dinámica universal en medios acuosos, hidrogeles y en superficies.
- La autoclasificación dependía de la composición del copolímero y de los colgantes de alquilo, formando micelas discretas de tamaño controlado.
- Las micelas de polímero idénticas intercambiaron exclusivamente cadenas, incluso con diferentes contrapartes presentes.
- Los copolímeros ABA-triblock exhibieron propiedades de hidrogel autocurativas y selectivamente adhesivas.
Conclusiones:
- La autoclasificación dinámica es una propiedad intrínseca de los copolímeros anfifílicos, dictada por su estructura primaria.
- Este comportamiento permite la creación de nanoestructuras bien definidas con propiedades controladas.
- Los materiales desarrollados muestran potencial para aplicaciones que requieren autocuración y adhesión selectiva.
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