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Global Identification of Co-Translational Interaction Networks by Selective Ribosome Profiling
Published on: October 7, 2021
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El control de las interacciones de las subunidades ortogonales del ribosoma permite la evolución de nuevas funciones
Wolfgang H Schmied1, Zakir Tnimov1, Chayasith Uttamapinant1,2
1Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.
Nature
|December 7, 2018
Resumen
Diseñado por ingeniería
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología sintética
- Biología molecular
- La bioquímica
Sus antecedentes:
- Los ribosomas ortogonales son ribosomas diseñados para la traducción específica de ARNm.
- Los ribosomas ortogonales existentes comparten subunidades con los ribosomas endógenos, lo que limita la evolución funcional.
- El control de la asociación de subunidades grandes es clave para la evolución de nuevas funciones ribosómicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Diseñar nuevos ribosomas ortogonales con una asociación controlada de subunidades.
- Para permitir la evolución de la función de las subunidades grandes en los ribosomas ortogonales.
- Para crear sistemas celulares que dependen únicamente de los ribosomas diseñados.
Principales métodos:
- Los ribosomas ortogonales "agrafados" diseñados y construidos mediante la unión de ARN ribosómicos 16S y 23S.
- Células evolucionadas con ribosomas grapados codificados genómicamente como el único mecanismo de traducción.
- Determinó la estructura de los ribosomas diseñados utilizando microscopía cryoelectrónica.
- Evolución funcional demostrada mediante la creación de ribosomas que polimerizan nuevas secuencias de monómeros.
Principales resultados:
- Los ribosomas grapados de ingeniería exhiben una alta actividad comparable a los ribosomas ortogonales de los padres.
- Los ribosomas apilados minimizan la asociación con las subunidades ribosómicas endógenas.
- Las células con ribosomas grapados como los únicos ribosomas apoyan el crecimiento.
- La visualización cryo-EM reveló la base estructural de la asociación de subunidades mediadas por grapas.
- Los ribosomas grabados evolucionados traducen eficientemente las secuencias intraducibles por los ribosomas naturales.
Conclusiones:
- Los ribosomas grapados de ingeniería ofrecen un control preciso sobre la asociación y la función de las subunidades.
- Este sistema permite la evolución de todo el ribosoma ortogonal para una nueva síntesis biológica.
- Proporciona una base para crear polímeros biológicos no canónicos dentro de las células.
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