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Los animales y la zoogeoquímica del ciclo del carbono

Oswald J Schmitz¹, Christopher C Wilmers², Shawn J Leroux³

¹School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. oswald.schmitz@yale.edu.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|December 8, 2018

Resumen

Los animales tienen un impacto significativo en el ciclo global del carbono al mediar el intercambio de carbono entre los ecosistemas y la atmósfera. Comprender el movimiento de los animales y el uso del hábitat es crucial para predecir con precisión la dinámica del carbono en los paisajes.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ecología
Biogeoquímica
Ciencias del medio ambiente

Sus antecedentes:

La predicción precisa del ciclo global del carbono es esencial para la investigación del cambio climático.
Los modelos actuales a menudo pasan por alto el papel de la fauna en la dinámica del carbono.
El intercambio de carbono en los ecosistemas generalmente se estudia centrándose en las interacciones de las plantas y el suelo.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para resaltar el papel significativo, pero a menudo pasado por alto, de los animales en la regulación del ciclo global de carbono.
Demostrar cómo la actividad animal influye en el secuestro y liberación de carbono.
Proponer métodos integrados para el estudio de la dinámica del carbono mediado por animales.

Principales métodos:

Analizar el funcionamiento del ecosistema espacial.
Integración de los datos de movimiento de animales.
Utilizando la teledetección para el análisis del hábitat animal.
La vinculación de estos factores con la dinámica del carbono a escala del paisaje.

Principales resultados:

Los animales median activamente el intercambio de carbono, convirtiendo las fuentes de carbono del ecosistema en sumideros y viceversa.
El movimiento de animales a través de paisajes crea heterogeneidad espacial en el intercambio y almacenamiento de carbono.
Este dinamismo presenta un desafío significativo para el modelado y la medición actuales del ciclo del carbono.

Conclusiones:

Los animales son componentes críticos del ciclo global del carbono, influyendo en su equilibrio general.
Incorporar el comportamiento animal y la ecología espacial en los modelos de carbono es necesario para mejorar la precisión.
La investigación futura debe centrarse en enfoques interdisciplinarios que combinen la ciencia de los ecosistemas, la ecología del movimiento y la teledetección.

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