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Efectos de la fluoxetina en los resultados funcionales después de un accidente cerebrovascular agudo (FOCUS): ensayo
Lancet (London, England)
|December 12, 2018
Resumen
La fluoxetina no mejoró los resultados funcionales después del accidente cerebrovascular. Si bien redujo la depresión, aumentó las fracturas óseas, por lo que no se recomienda su uso rutinario.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neurología
- Farmacología
- Ensayos clínicos
Sus antecedentes:
- En ensayos previos de pequeño tamaño se sugirió que la fluoxetina podría mejorar la recuperación funcional después de un accidente cerebrovascular.
- El ensayo FOCUS fue diseñado para evaluar con precisión estos beneficios potenciales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar si la administración diaria de fluoxetina mejora los resultados funcionales en pacientes después de un accidente cerebrovascular agudo.
- Evaluar los efectos de la fluoxetina en la depresión pos-accidente cerebrovascular y otros eventos adversos.
Principales métodos:
- Un ensayo pragmático, multicéntrico, doble ciego, aleatorizado y controlado con placebo en el que participaron 3127 pacientes a los 15 días del inicio del ictus.
- Los pacientes recibieron fluoxetina 20 mg o placebo diariamente durante 6 meses, con el estado funcional evaluado utilizando la escala de Rankin modificada (mRS) a los 6 meses.
Principales resultados:
- No hubo diferencias significativas en el estado funcional (mRS) a los 6 meses entre los grupos de fluoxetina y placebo (p=0, 439).
- La fluoxetina redujo significativamente la incidencia de nuevas depresiones (13,43% frente a 17,21%, p=0,0033).
- La fluoxetina se asoció con una mayor tasa de fracturas óseas (2,88% frente a 1,47%, p=0,0070).
Conclusiones:
- La fluoxetina diaria durante 6 meses después del accidente cerebrovascular no mejora los resultados funcionales.
- La reducción observada en la depresión es compensada por un mayor riesgo de fracturas óseas.
- La evidencia actual no apoya el uso rutinario de fluoxetina para la recuperación funcional o la prevención de la depresión después de un accidente cerebrovascular.
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