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La cobertura universal de salud en Indonesia: concepto, progreso y desafíos

Rina Agustina¹, Teguh Dartanto², Ratna Sitompul³

¹Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Human Nutrition Research Centre, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Lancet (London, England)

|December 24, 2018

Resumen

Indonesía

Área de la Ciencia:

Salud global
Investigación de los sistemas de salud
Política de salud pública

Sus antecedentes:

La diversidad geográfica y la población de Indonesia presentan desafíos únicos para el sistema de salud.
Los sistemas de salud centralizados lograron algunos logros, pero exacerbaron las desigualdades.
La descentralización aumentó aún más la heterogeneidad del sistema de salud.

Objetivo del estudio:

Describir la innovadora iniciativa de la cobertura universal de salud (UHC) de Indonesia.
Trazar la hoja de ruta para alcanzar los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible para 2030.
Analizar los éxitos y los desafíos del sistema UHC.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de la evolución del sistema de salud de Indonesia y de la aplicación de la cobertura sanitaria universal.
Análisis del crecimiento, la cobertura y la equidad del sistema UHC.
Identificación de los retos emergentes y las necesidades futuras.

Principales resultados:

El sistema UHC de Indonesia, lanzado en 2014, es el esquema de pagador único más grande del mundo, que cubre a 203 millones de personas.
El sistema de UHC ha mejorado la equidad en salud y el acceso a los servicios.
Entre los desafíos se encuentran el grupo de matriculación "intermedio perdido" y la baja cobertura para los niños pequeños.

Conclusiones:

La iniciativa UHC de Indonesia demuestra una adaptación innovadora a la diversidad.
La lucha contra las enfermedades no transmisibles y la inversión en infraestructuras de salud digital son fundamentales.
Se necesita una hoja de ruta clara para alcanzar los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible para 2030.

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