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Una corteza visual colicular: espacio neocortical para una antigua estructura visual del cerebro medio
Riccardo Beltramo1,2,3, Massimo Scanziani1,2,3
1Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Neurobiology Section, and Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. ric.beltramo@gmail.com massimo@ucsf.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 5, 2019
Resumen
Los investigadores descubrieron una nueva vía visual en ratones. La corteza postrinal, independiente de la corteza visual primaria (V1), se basa en el cólico superior (SC) para la entrada visual y sobresale en la discriminación del movimiento.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Procesamiento visual
- Las vías corticales
Sus antecedentes:
- El procesamiento de información visual en el cerebro generalmente se basa en la vía geniculocortical, que se origina en el núcleo geniculado lateral hasta la corteza visual primaria (V1).
- El papel de la vía del colículo superior (SC) en el procesamiento visual cortical sigue siendo menos entendido, ya que las lesiones SC tienen un efecto menos pronunciado en las respuestas visuales corticales en comparación con las lesiones V1.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel funcional de la vía del colículo superior (SC) en el procesamiento visual dentro de la corteza cerebral del ratón.
- Identificar y caracterizar las áreas corticales visuales que pueden ser independientes de la corteza visual primaria (V1) y depender de la entrada SC.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizando modelos de ratón, los investigadores silenciaron selectivamente el SC para observar su efecto en las respuestas visuales en la corteza postrinal.
- Comparación de las propiedades de la respuesta visual y los efectos de la lesión entre la corteza postrinal y V1.
- Evaluación de las capacidades de discriminación de movimiento de la corteza postrinal en relación con V1.
Principales resultados:
- Se encontró que las respuestas visuales en la corteza postrinal eran independientes de la entrada V1.
- El silenciamiento de la SC abolió las respuestas visuales en la corteza postrinal, lo que indica una dependencia de esta vía.
- La corteza postrinal demostró un rendimiento superior en comparación con V1 en la discriminación de objetos en movimiento.
Conclusiones:
- La corteza postrinal representa un flujo de procesamiento visual distinto, que funciona como una "corteza visual primaria colicular" independiente de la vía geniculocortical.
- Esta vía recién identificada originada en el SC es crucial para las respuestas visuales en la corteza postrinal y juega un papel importante en la discriminación del movimiento.
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