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Los promotores invertibles median la variación de la fase bacteriana, la resistencia a los antibióticos y la

Xiaofang Jiang^1,2, A Brantley Hall^2,3, Timothy D Arthur²

¹Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|January 12, 2019

Resumen

La variación de fase, una adaptación bacteriana clave, fue explorada utilizando el algoritmo PhaseFinder. Esto reveló numerosas regiones de inversión de ADN (invertones) en bacterias asociadas al huésped, que afectan la resistencia a los antibióticos y la colonización intestinal.

Área de la Ciencia:

Microbiología
La genómica
La bioinformática

Sus antecedentes:

La variación de fase permite a las bacterias adaptarse a entornos cambiantes, crucial para la infección y la colonización.
La diversidad y la importancia funcional de la variación de fase mediada por la inversión del ADN no se comprenden completamente.

Objetivo del estudio:

Desarrollar y aplicar un algoritmo (PhaseFinder) para cuantificar la variación de fase mediada por la inversión del ADN.
Identificar y caracterizar sistemáticamente las regiones de ADN invertibles (invertones) en los genomas bacterianos.

Principales métodos:

Desarrollo del algoritmo PhaseFinder para el análisis de las inversiones de ADN.
Búsqueda bioinformática sistemática a través de 54,875 genomas bacterianos.
Análisis de la ubicación del inverton, los genes asociados y los cambios de orientación en respuesta a los estímulos.

Principales resultados:

Se identificaron 4686 regiones de ADN invertibles intergénicas (invertones), enriquecidas en bacterias asociadas al huésped.
Los invertones que regulan los productos extracelulares están vinculados a la diversidad superficial y la colonización intestinal.
Se observó una regulación impulsada por promotores de los genes de resistencia a los antibióticos a través de invertones, con cambios de orientación después del tratamiento con antibióticos.

Conclusiones:

La variación de fase mediada por la inversión del ADN está muy extendida, particularmente en las bacterias que interactúan con los huéspedes.
Los invertones juegan un papel importante en la adaptación bacteriana, incluida la gestión del costo de la resistencia a los antibióticos.
Los factores ambientales y específicos del huésped impulsan la divergencia de orientación del inverton.

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