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Transformación dinámica de perovskitas bidimensionales con cationes alternos en el espacio entre capas para
Yalan Zhang1, Peijun Wang1, Ming-Chun Tang2
1Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices; Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , China.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 17, 2019
Resumen
Este estudio revela cómo se cristalizan las películas de perovskita 2D de catión alternativo (ACI), identificando las fases intermedias clave para mejorar el rendimiento de las células solares. Estos conocimientos conducen a un récord de eficiencia del 14,7% y una mayor estabilidad en las células solares de perovskita.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Química del estado sólido
- Las instalaciones fotovoltaicas
Sus antecedentes:
- Las perovskitas bidimensionales (2D) con cationes alternados (ACI) ofrecen propiedades únicas en comparación con las estructuras de Ruddlesden-Popper.
- Comprender la cristalización de las perovskitas ACI 2D en películas es crucial para optimizar las propiedades optoelectrónicas y el rendimiento del dispositivo.
- En la actualidad existen lagunas de conocimiento sobre el proceso de solidificación de la película y su impacto en las aplicaciones fotovoltaicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el proceso de solidificación in situ de las películas de perovskita ACI 2D.
- Para correlacionar el comportamiento de cristalización con las propiedades morfológicas, optoelectrónicas y el rendimiento del dispositivo de células solares.
- Para aclarar el papel de las fases intermedias en la formación de películas de perovskita ACI.
Principales métodos:
- Diseminación de rayos X de incidencia de pastoreo in situ (GIWAXS) para controlar la cristalización.
- Espectroscopia de absorción transitoria para estudiar la transferencia de carga.
- Fabricación y caracterización de los dispositivos de células solares planas.
Principales resultados:
- El proceso de solidificación incluye precursores desordenados, fases intermedias (incluyendo 2D GA2PbI4) y perovskitas ACI finales.
- 2D GA2PbI4 se identifica como una fase intermedia clave que influye en la formación de subproductos y la distribución de fases.
- Se confirmó la transferencia de carga interna entre diferentes fases n dentro de las películas de perovskita de ACI.
Conclusiones:
- Las películas de perovskita ACI 2D optimizadas que utilizan una mezcla de disolvente DMSO: DMF logran una eficiencia de conversión de energía récord del 14,7%.
- Estas películas exhiben una estabilidad a largo plazo significativamente mejorada en comparación con las perovskitas 3D MAPbI3.
- El control de la cristalización a través de fases intermedias es clave para las células solares de perovskita de alto rendimiento y estabilidad.
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