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Chromosome Replication02:31

Chromosome Replication

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Before a cell can divide, it must accurately replicate all of its chromosomes, including the DNA and its associated histone and non-histone proteins.  This process begins at numerous origins of replication during the S phase of the cell cycle in each of a cell’s chromosomes simultaneously. Certain nucleotides can act as origins of replication, but these sequences are not well defined - especially in complex, multi-cellular, eukaryotic species. The length of DNA that spans an origin...
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Replication in Prokaryotes02:35

Replication in Prokaryotes

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Replication in Prokaryotes01:32

Replication in Prokaryotes

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DNA replication has three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. Replication in prokaryotes begins when initiator proteins bind to the single origin of replication (ori) on the cell's circular chromosome. Replication then proceeds around the entire circle of the chromosome in each direction from the two replication forks, resulting in two DNA molecules.
Many Proteins Work Together to Replicate the Chromosome
Replication is coordinated and carried out by a host of specialized...
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DNA Replication02:40

DNA Replication

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DNA replication involves the separation of the two strands of the double helix, with each strand serving as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied.  After replication, each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or “old” strand and one “new” strand. This is known as semiconservative replication. The resulting DNA molecules have the same sequence and are divided equally into the two daughter cells.
Replication in Prokaryotes
DNA replication...
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Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

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The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

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An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication...
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Pooled CRISPR-Based Genetic Screens in Mammalian Cells
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Pooled CRISPR-Based Genetic Screens in Mammalian Cells

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Dos replicadores sintéticos compiten para procesar un grupo de reactivos dinámicos

Tamara Kosikova1, Douglas Philp1

  • 1School of Chemistry and EaStCHEM , University of St Andrews , North Haugh , St Andrews , KY16 9ST Fife , United Kingdom.

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|January 23, 2019
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Este estudio demuestra moléculas autorreplicantes que aprovechan una biblioteca covalente dinámica (DCL) como materia prima. Estos replicadores dirigen su propia formación, mostrando vías autocatalíticas y cruzadas para la auto-síntesis molecular.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Química supramolecular
  • Síntesis Química
  • La búsqueda del origen de la vida

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las bibliotecas covalentes dinámicas (DCL) ofrecen una plataforma versátil para crear sistemas moleculares complejos.
  • La autorreplicación es un proceso fundamental en los organismos vivos y un objetivo clave en la química sintética.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para investigar la formación y el comportamiento de las moléculas de auto-replicación dentro de un DCL.
  • Para explorar las vías autocatalíticas y cruzadas en la auto-síntesis molecular.
  • Establecer los principios que rigen los sistemas de replicador de la competencia acoplados al procesamiento DCL.

Principales métodos:

  • Formación de una DCL a partir de aldehídos y nucleófilos aromáticos.
  • Reacciones irreversibles de cicloadición de 1,3-dipolar para formar conductos de carga cíclica.
  • Espectroscopia NMR cuantitativa para monitorear la autorreplicación.
  • Simulaciones computacionales para analizar los parámetros cinéticos y termodinámicos.

Principales resultados:

  • En el DCL se han identificado dos conductos de carga automática (T^p y T^m).
  • Estos replicadores utilizan el DCL como materia prima para su propia síntesis autocatalítica y cruzada.
  • Demostró la capacidad de los replicadores para dirigir su formación basada en la entrada de la plantilla.
  • Relaciones establecidas entre los parámetros cinéticos/termodinámicos, las concentraciones y la competencia de los replicadores.

Conclusiones:

  • Las moléculas autorreplicantes se pueden sintetizar y controlar dentro de un entorno DCL.
  • El estudio proporciona información sobre las reglas fundamentales que rigen los sistemas de autorreplicación en competencia.
  • Este trabajo contribuye a comprender los principios de la autoorganización molecular y los comportamientos primitivos similares a la vida.