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Una fase cristalina de carbonato de calcio hidratado: el carbonato de calcio hemihidrato

Zhaoyong Zou¹, Wouter J E M Habraken¹, Galina Matveeva²

¹Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|January 26, 2019

Resumen

Los científicos descubrieron una nueva fase cristalina de carbonato de calcio (CaCO3), el hemihidrato CaCO3·1⁄2H2O. Este hallazgo amplía nuestro conocimiento de los polimorfos de CaCO3 y puede afectar la biomineralización y las aplicaciones industriales.

Área de la Ciencia:

Geoquímica
Ciencias de los materiales
La biomineralización

Sus antecedentes:

El carbonato de calcio (CaCO3) es abundante en todo el mundo, formando conchas de organismos marinos y rocas sedimentarias.
Los polimorfos conocidos de CaCO3 incluyen calcita, aragonita, vaterita, monohidrocalcita (CaCO3 · 1H2O) y ikaita (CaCO3 · 6H2O).
CaCO3 es vital en la producción de cemento, el ciclo del carbono y las formaciones geológicas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar la influencia de los iones de magnesio en las vías de cristalización del carbonato de calcio amorfo.
Identificar y caracterizar las nuevas fases de carbonato de calcio formadas durante estos experimentos.

Principales métodos:

Experimentos de cristalización con carbonato de calcio amorfo en presencia de iones de magnesio.
Técnicas de análisis estructural para identificar y confirmar la estructura cristalina de las fases recién formadas.

Principales resultados:

Descubrimiento inesperado de una nueva fase cristalina del carbonato de calcio: el hemihidrato CaCO3·1⁄2H2O.
La nueva fase exhibe una estructura cristalina monoclínica.
Este hallazgo se produjo durante la investigación centrada en los efectos de los iones de magnesio en la cristalización de CaCO3.

Conclusiones:

El descubrimiento del hemihidrato CaCO3·1⁄2H2O expande los polimorfos conocidos del carbonato de calcio.
Esta nueva fase tiene implicaciones potenciales para la comprensión de los procesos de biomineralización.
Los hallazgos también pueden influir en las aplicaciones industriales que implican la hidratación de carbonato de calcio.

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