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Funcionalización post-sintética covalente y de coordinación de poliedros orgánicos basados en el rodio
Arnau Carné-Sánchez1, Jorge Albalad1, Thais Grancha1
1Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2) , CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona , Spain.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|February 6, 2019
Resumen
Este estudio introduce nuevos métodos para modificar químicamente los poliedros metálico-orgánicos (MOP) después de su síntesis inicial. Estos MOP funcionalizados muestran potencial para aplicaciones avanzadas en la entrega, sorción y catálisis.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Química supramolecular
- Nanotecnología
Sus antecedentes:
- Los poliedros metal-orgánicos (MOP) son estructuras porosas a nanoescala con aplicaciones potenciales.
- La funcionalización post-sintética de los MOP es un desafío debido a la inestabilidad química.
- Los métodos existentes carecen de estrategias eficientes para modificar las superficies MOP.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar estrategias de funcionalización post-sintéticas sólidas para MOP estables.
- Explorar la coordinación y la química covalente para modificar los cuboctaedros basados en Rh (II).
- Introducir nuevas funcionalidades y ajustar las propiedades de MOP para diversas aplicaciones.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó la química de coordinación para unir los ligandos N-donantes a los Rh-MOPs.
- Se utiliza química covalente para funcionalizar los enlaces orgánicos en la superficie del MOP.
- Investigó la modificación de cuboctaedros basados en Rh (≈2.5 nm) con unidades de rueda de remo Rh-Rh y enlaces orgánicos.
Principales resultados:
- Funcionalizó con éxito la periferia de Rh-MOPs con 12 ligandos N-donantes, incluidos los aminoácidos.
- Introducción de la quiralidad y ajuste de las propiedades hidrofílicas/hidrofóbicas, alterando la solubilidad en diversos disolventes.
- Se logró la funcionalización covalente de los 24 enlaces orgánicos con ésteres.
- Potencial demostrado para MOPs de doble funcionalidad con hasta 36 moléculas incorporadas.
Conclusiones:
- Se han desarrollado vías de modificación post-sintéticas versátiles para los MOP Rh estables.
- Ingeniería habilitada de MOP con funcionalidades adaptadas para aplicaciones específicas.
- Destacó el potencial de estos métodos para crear andamios MOP avanzados para la entrega, sorción y catálisis.
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