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Mitigación de la inmunotoxicidad inducida por la hidrofobia por el azúcar
Sampa Maiti1, Saikat Manna2, Jingjing Shen2
1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Science of Advanced Material , Central Michigan University Mount Pleasant , Michigan 48858 , United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|February 16, 2019
Resumen
Las nuevas nanopartículas poliméricas (NP) que utilizan un andamio a base de glucosa muestran una inmunotoxicidad reducida en comparación con los materiales tradicionales. Este enfoque basado en carbohidratos ofrece una estrategia prometedora para desarrollar biomateriales más seguros para uso clínico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de los biomateriales
- Nanotecnología
- Inmunología
Sus antecedentes:
- Las nanopartículas poliméricas (NP) son prometedoras para aplicaciones clínicas, pero enfrentan desafíos de inmunotoxicidad.
- Los componentes hidrofóbicos en los NP a menudo están implicados en respuestas inmunes adversas.
- Los polímeros a base de carbohidratos pueden ofrecer una solución para mitigar la inmunotoxicidad inducida por NP.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Diseñar y sintetizar nuevos sistemas NP con un núcleo hidrofóbico basado en carbohidratos.
- Evaluar la inmunotoxicidad de estos nuevos PN in vitro e in vivo.
- Comparar la inmunotoxicidad de las NP basadas en carbohidratos con las elaboradas a partir de polímeros convencionales.
Principales métodos:
- Síntesis de NP utilizando poli (orthoesters) de glucosa como el andamio hidrofóbico y polietileno glicol (PEG) como el caparazón hidrófilo.
- Evaluación in vitro e in vivo de la inmunotoxicidad NP mediante la medición de los niveles de citoquinas inducidas.
- Análisis comparativo de la inmunotoxicidad utilizando polilactido (PLA) y policaprolactona (PCL) como bastidores hidrofóbicos de control.
Principales resultados:
- Los nuevos NPs basados en poli (orthoester) de glucosa demostraron una inmunotoxicidad significativamente baja.
- Los niveles de citocina inducidos por los NP basados en carbohidratos fueron sustancialmente más bajos que los de los NP de PLA o PCL.
- Los estudios inmunológicos confirmaron que los polímeros de carbohidratos mitigan la inmunotoxicidad inducida por la hidrofobia.
Conclusiones:
- Los polímeros a base de carbohidratos pueden mitigar eficazmente la inmunotoxicidad inducida por la hidrofobia en los NP.
- Estos hallazgos sugieren que los polímeros a base de carbohidratos son candidatos adecuados para la ingeniería de biomateriales de baja inmunotoxicidad.
- Los PN desarrollados tienen potencial para aplicaciones biomédicas avanzadas que requieren una mayor biocompatibilidad.
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